{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T03:18:58Z","timestamp":1792639138285,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Polygonatum kingianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a medicinally significant herb indigenous to Yunnan, China, exhibits pronounced sensitivity to temperature affecting its bioactive compound accumulation and growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its response to temperature stress remain poorly characterized. To elucidate these mechanisms, we integrated physiological assessments with RNA-seq analysis of\n                    <jats:italic>P. kingianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    under controlled temperatures (10\u00b0C, 25\u00b0C, 30\u00b0C, and 35\u00b0C). The results indicate that\n                    <jats:italic>P. kingianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibits optimal root growth at 10\u201325\u00b0C but shows poor adaptation to high temperature. Temperature stress led to inhibited root growth, accompanied by decreased chlorophyll content and leaf yellowing. This stress manifested as increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) in the leaves, along with elevated proline accumulation. In response to oxidative damage, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), as well as the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate\/ASA and glutathione\/GSH), were significantly upregulated. Transcriptome analysis further revealed that these physiological changes are regulated by multiple stress-related pathways, mainly including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glycolysis\/gluconeogenesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and plant hormone signaling. Additionally, 19 key genes encoding reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes were identified and functionally characterized as core regulators of thermotolerance. This study deciphers the physiological and molecular mechanisms of the temperature stress response in\n                    <jats:italic>P. kingianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2025.1645666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T06:33:36Z","timestamp":1764138816000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Response mechanisms of Polygonatum kingianum to temperature stress: implications for cultivation practices"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Huali","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahong","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengzhang","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10122646","article-title":"Climate change impacts on sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) plants","volume":"10","author":"Ag\u00fcer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10102085","article-title":"Enhancing salt tolerance in soybean by exogenous boron: Intrinsic study of the ascorbate-glutathione and glyoxalase pathways","volume":"10","author":"Alharby","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-025-06083-y","article-title":"Exogenous diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate alleviates the damage caused by low-temperature stress in phaseolus vulgaris L. seedlings through photosynthetic and antioxidant systems","volume":"25","author":"Bai","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1071\/FP02096","article-title":"Peroxidase: A multifunctional enzyme in grapevines","volume":"30","author":"Barcel\u00f3","year":"2003","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.20.00019","article-title":"Phytochrome-dependent temperature perception modulates isoprenoid metabolism","volume":"183","author":"Bianchetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2024.109405","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis of tree peony under high temperature treatment and functional verification of PsDREB2A gene","volume":"219","author":"Bu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hr\/uhae043","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of flavonol biosynthesis in plants","volume":"11","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hortic. Res."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.16.00938","article-title":"Recent progress in understanding the role of reactive oxygen species in plant cell signaling","volume":"171","author":"Dietz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e09893816","article-title":"An invasive weed-associated bacteria confers enhanced heat stress tolerance in wheat","volume":"8","author":"Dubey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erae323","article-title":"The concerted function of a novel class of transcription factors, ZBFs, in light, jasmonate, and abscisic acid signaling pathways","volume":"76","author":"Dutta","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.1007145","article-title":"Response of root and root hair phenotypes of cotton seedlings under high temperature revealed with RhizoPot","volume":"13","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.835414","article-title":"Metabolic and physiological changes in the roots of two oat cultivars in response to complex saline-alkali stress","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.807450","article-title":"Embryonic thermal manipulation and in ovo gamma-aminobutyric acid supplementation regulating the chick weight and stress-related genes at hatch","volume":"8","author":"Goel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0255847","article-title":"Phylogenetic and expression dynamics of tomato ClpB\/Hsp100 gene under heat stress","volume":"16","author":"Gul","year":"2021","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/feart.2023.1111878","article-title":"Analysis of the prediction of the suitable distribution of polygonatum kingianum under different climatic conditions based on the MaxEnt model","volume":"11","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Earth Sci."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.1021483","article-title":"Sprayed biodegradable liquid film improved the freezing tolerance of cv. Cabernet Sauvignon by up-regulating soluble protein and carbohydrate levels and alleviating oxidative damage","volume":"13","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2013.06.003","article-title":"Mutation of OsDET1 increases chlorophyll content in rice","volume":"210","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plant Sci."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1007\/s40502-023-00754-4","article-title":"Impacts of combined drought and high-temperature stress on growth, physiology, and yield of crops","volume":"29","author":"Kamatchi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Rep."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310781","article-title":"Crosstalk between 5-aminolevulinic acid and abscisic acid adjusted leaf iron accumulation and chlorophyll synthesis to enhance the cold tolerance in solanum lycopersicum seedlings","volume":"24","author":"Kang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.18699\/VJGB-22-62","article-title":"Dependence of the content of starch and reducing sugars on the level of expression of the genes of \u03b2-amylases StBAM1 and StBAM9 and the amylase inhibitor StAI during long-term low-temperature storage of potato tubers","volume":"26","author":"Kulakova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vavilovskii Zh. Genet."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12132535","article-title":"Melatonin enhances the photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities of mung bean under drought and high-temperature stress conditions","volume":"12","author":"Kuppusamy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-021-03751-9","article-title":"Effect of heat stress on oxidative damage and antioxidant defense system in white clover (trifolium repens L.)","volume":"254","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2024.109404","article-title":"1 + 1< 2: Combined effect of low temperature stress and salt stress on Sesuvium portulacastrum L","volume":"219","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Bioch."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15592324.2023.2186640","article-title":"Exogenous Brassinosteroid Enhances Zinc tolerance by activating the Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis pathway in Citrullus lanatus L","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Signal. Behav."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2\u2212\u0394\u0394CT method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20020","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-71104-z","article-title":"Predicting polygonum capitatum distribution in China across climate scenarios using MaxEnt modeling","volume":"14","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2023.1172078","article-title":"Effect of nitrogen application on enhancing high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants during the flowering and fruiting stage","volume":"14","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-025-03438-5","article-title":"A high temperature responsive UDP-glucosyltransferase gene OsUGT72F1 enhances heat tolerance in rice and arabidopsis","volume":"44","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plant Cell Rep."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2022.103417","article-title":"Grain and flour quality of wheat genotypes grown under heat stress","volume":"29","author":"Mahdavi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2014.01.010","article-title":"Photosynthesis: Response to high temperature stress","volume":"137","author":"Mathur","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Photoch. Photobio. B"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11926\/jtsb.4950","article-title":"Prediction of potential habitat area of polygonatum kingianum in China based on maxent model","author":"Meng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Trop. Subtrop. Bot"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/S1360-1385(02)02312-9","article-title":"Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance","volume":"7","author":"Mittler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.15.00677","article-title":"Ethylene response factors: A key regulatory hub in hormone and stress signaling","volume":"169","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2023.117545","article-title":"Physio-morphological trait and bioactive constituents of Ocimum species under drought stress","volume":"205","author":"Mulugeta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.01070","article-title":"Overexpression of Rosea1 from snapdragon enhances anthocyanin accumulation and abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco","volume":"9","author":"Naing","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.737490","article-title":"Overexpression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (acdS) gene in petunia hybrida improves tolerance to abiotic stresses","volume":"12","author":"Naing","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26020494","article-title":"Flavonoid glycosides in brassica species respond to UV-B depending on exposure time and adaptation time","volume":"26","author":"Neugart","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.49.1.249","article-title":"Ascorbate and glutathione: keeping active oxygen under control. Annual review of plant biology Annu","volume":"49","author":"Noctor","year":"1998","journal-title":"Rev. Plant Biol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-021-03297-8","article-title":"Transcriptomic responses to drought stress in polygonatum kingianum tuber","volume":"21","author":"Qian","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3159","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.378","article-title":"Assay for quantitative determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide levels using enzymatic recycling method","volume":"1","author":"Rahman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010449","article-title":"Lipid peroxidation and iron metabolism: Two corner stones in the homeostasis control of ferroptosis","volume":"24","author":"Rochette","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48130\/GR-2023-0011","article-title":"Regulatory roles of morphactin on suppressing chlorophyll degradation under heat stress in creeping bentgrass","volume":"3","author":"Rossi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Grass Res."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9050430","article-title":"The structural integrity of the model lipid membrane during induced lipid peroxidation: The role of flavonols in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation","volume":"9","author":"Sad\u017eak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/jas.V11n12p40","article-title":"Electrical conductivity test for measurement of white clover seeds vigor","volume":"11","author":"Santos","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Agr. Sci."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3559","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12203559","article-title":"Exogenous Application of 24-Epibrassinolide Confers Saline Stress and Improves Photosynthetic Capacity, Antioxidant Defense, Mineral Uptake, and Yield in Maize","volume":"12","author":"Seleiman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(01)00661-6","article-title":"Quantitation of vitamin C content in herbal juice using direct titration","volume":"28","author":"Suntornsuk","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Pharmaceut. BioMed."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2011.07.014","article-title":"Respiratory burst oxidases: The engines of ROS signaling","volume":"14","author":"Suzuki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Plant Biol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054456","article-title":"Growth and molecular responses of tomato to prolonged and short-term heat exposure","volume":"24","author":"Toki\u0107","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2494.2012.00851.x","article-title":"Malondialdehyde content as a potential biochemical indicator of tolerant cenchrus ciliaris L. genotypes under heat stress treatment","volume":"67","author":"Tommasino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Grass Forage Sci."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10030364","article-title":"Changes in glutathione content in liver diseases: An update","volume":"10","author":"Vairetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2022.121531","article-title":"Non-destructive insights into photosynthetic and photoprotective mechanisms in arabidopsis thaliana grown under two light regimes. Spectrochim","volume":"281","author":"V\u00edtek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta A"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2799","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ers001","article-title":"Over-expression of a putative poplar glycosyltransferase gene, PtGT1, in tobacco increases lignin content and causes early flowering","volume":"63","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-023-04209-8","article-title":"Metabolomics based on GC-MS revealed hub metabolites of pecan seeds germinating at different temperatures","volume":"23","author":"Xue","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2020.118556","article-title":"Spectrophotometric method for superoxide anion radical detection in a visible light (400\u2013780nm) system","volume":"239","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Spectrochimi. Acta A"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11243485","article-title":"Association between the classification of the genus of batrachospermaceae (Rhodophyta) and the environmental factors based on machine learning","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23040762","article-title":"Response of plant secondary metabolites to environmental factors","volume":"23","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15592324.2020.1780403","article-title":"ABA enhanced cold tolerance of wheat \u2018dn1\u2019 via increasing ROS scavenging system","volume":"15","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Signal. Behav."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s10725-024-01253-8","article-title":"Advances in plant response to low-temperature stress","volume":"105","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plant Growth Regul."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-025-06169-7","article-title":"Unveiling tolerance mechanisms in pepper to combined low-temperature and low-light stress: A physiological and transcriptomic approach","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgg.2024.05.001","article-title":"Crop root system architecture in drought response","volume":"52","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Genet. Genomics"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-025-12304-2","article-title":"Response of cultivation suitability for Polygonatum kingianum to climate change in China","volume":"84","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Earth Sci."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21041390","article-title":"Effect of low temperature on chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast biogenesis of rice seedlings during greening","volume":"21","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15770","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-42988-0","article-title":"Effects of climate warming and human activities on the distribution patterns of Fritillaria unibracteata in eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-07244-x","article-title":"Emerging mechanisms of lipid peroxidation in regulated cell death and its physiological implications","volume":"15","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2023.1343402","article-title":"Genome-wide identification of TPS and TPP genes in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and functional characterization of AhTPS9 in response to cold stress","volume":"14","author":"Zhong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13010055","article-title":"The ncRNAs involved in the regulation of abiotic stress-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Plant Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpls.2025.1645666\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T06:33:38Z","timestamp":1764138818000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpls.2025.1645666\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpls.2025.1645666"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2025.1645666","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-462X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-462X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"article-number":"1645666"}}