{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T20:02:02Z","timestamp":1793304122951,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Selenium (Se) deficiency remains a significant global nutritional issue, emphasizing the need for efficient crop-based biofortification interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study examined the mechanistic responses of sweet maize (\n                      <jats:italic>Zea mays L<\/jats:italic>\n                      .) to foliar Se fertilization (0, 20, 40, and 60\u00a0g ha\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), focusing on antioxidant regulation, physiological traits, nutrient metabolism, Se speciation, and Se bioaccessibility.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Moderate Se doses (20\u201340 g ha\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) enhanced chlorophyll retention and photosynthetic efficiency, accompanied by increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), as well as 22.8% reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA), indicating improved redox homeostasis. These biochemical improvements facilitated higher assimilate accumulation, resulting in a 2\u20137% increase in fresh cob yield and enhanced levels of soluble sugars, amylose, protein, vitamin C, and key micronutrients (magnesium, iron, copper, manganese). However, excessive Se (60\u00a0g ha\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) caused oxidative imbalance, leading to decreased enzyme activity and reduced yield. Kernel Se concentration increased significantly with Se supply, dominated by selenomethionine (SeMet) (82.3% of total Se), exhibiting high\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      bioaccessibility (35.6% gastric, 76.0% intestinal).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The coordinated regulation of antioxidant defense and nutrient metabolism under optimal Se supply enhances both plant physiological performance and the nutritional bioefficacy of edible kernels, providing a mechanistic framework for sustainable Se biofortification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2025.1733890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T06:25:18Z","timestamp":1766125518000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Foliar application of selenium increased selenium accumulation, speciation, and bioaccessibility, as well as the yield and nutritional quality of sweet maize"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Emmanuel Osei","family":"Asamoah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solomon Musoke","family":"Ssemalawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ofori Prince","family":"Danso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Raza","family":"Farooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pincheng","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoyuan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukun","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuebin","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youtao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5611","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.14061","article-title":"Improvement of cereal-and legume-derived protein quality with selenium and sulfur for plant food production","volume":"105","author":"Abdalla","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. 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