{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:16:02Z","timestamp":1786115762118,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007543","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura, Univerzita Karlova","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Climate change is reshaping high-elevation forests in the European Alps, with species- and site-specific differences in the climate sensitivity of conifers being increasingly reported in treeline ecotones. However, a detailed understanding of how two dominant and co-occurring species,\n                    <jats:italic>Larix decidua<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Pinus cembra<\/jats:italic>\n                    , respond to climate variability at inter- and intra-annual temporal scales and across treeline ecotones with different environmental settings is lacking. To address this gap, we analyzed chronologies of wood anatomical traits (earlywood lumen area, EWLA, and latewood cell wall thickness, LWCWT), tree-ring widths, and basal area increments (BAI) from five treeline ecotone sites across three Alpine regions with differing moisture regimes. We assessed climate-growth correlations, pointer years, long-term growth trends, and interspecific differences in absolute radial growth and wood anatomical traits. Our results show that, next to temperature, precipitation and atmospheric drought (vapor pressure deficit) are important drivers of growth variability. Pointer-year analyses clearly showed the differential response of the two species: growth and wood anatomy of\n                    <jats:italic>P. cembra<\/jats:italic>\n                    strongly depended on moisture, especially at drier sites, while\n                    <jats:italic>L. decidua<\/jats:italic>\n                    responded more consistently to temperature. Growth trajectories diverged between species:\n                    <jats:italic>L. decidua<\/jats:italic>\n                    showed consistently positive BAI, EWLA, and LWCWT trends, whereas\n                    <jats:italic>P. cembra<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibited site- and trait-dependent positive, stable, or declining growth trends. Generalized additive mixed models indicated that for BAI, these differences could partly be attributed to species-specific climate effects, while effects on EWLA trends were mostly of structural origin for both species. LWCWT trends differed between species and sites despite broadly similar late-season climatic effects, pointing to additional species- and site-specific temporal dynamics. Notably, clear interspecific differences emerged in wood anatomical traits: although both species had a similar mean ring width,\n                    <jats:italic>L. decidua<\/jats:italic>\n                    consistently exhibited larger EWLA and LWCWT. Our findings highlight the contrasting mechanistic and ecological strategies of the two species, i.e., the isohydric, drought-sensitive, conservative\n                    <jats:italic>P. cembra<\/jats:italic>\n                    versus the anisohydric, efficiency-oriented and more temperature-limited\n                    <jats:italic>L. decidua<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Continued warming and intensifying drought may contribute to divergent growth trajectories between mature\n                    <jats:italic>L. decidua<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>P. cembra<\/jats:italic>\n                    especially in drier areas, with potential implications for future forest composition and growth dynamics in Alpine treeline ecotones.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2026.1813904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T05:31:34Z","timestamp":1785994294000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Divergent growth and wood anatomical responses of European larch and Swiss stone pine to climate variability at alpine treeline ecotones"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Marotta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University","place":["Prague, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Tumajer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University","place":["Prague, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kre\u0161imir","family":"Begovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest Ecology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague","place":["Prague, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jernej","family":"Jev\u0161enak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Forest and Landscape Planning and Monitoring, Slovenian Forestry Institute","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Ku\u017eelov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University","place":["Prague, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Lexa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wood Processing and Biomaterials, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague","place":["Prague, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji\u0159\u00ed","family":"Ma\u0161ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University","place":["Prague, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaus","family":"Obojes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research","place":["Bolzano, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milo\u0161","family":"Rydval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest Ecology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague","place":["Prague, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e1clav","family":"Treml","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University","place":["Prague, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelena","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University","place":["Prague, Czechia"]},{"name":"Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald","place":["Greifswald, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.11163","article-title":"Cokriging for enhanced spatial interpolation of rainfall in two Australian catchments","volume":"31","author":"Adhikary","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hydrol. 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