{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:05:02Z","timestamp":1790661902832,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020884","name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ID24I10459"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID24I10459"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020884","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018694","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Pratylenchus vulnus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is the most damaging nematode affecting walnut (\n                    <jats:italic>Juglans regia<\/jats:italic>\n                    L.) worldwide, but evidence on the performance of biological control agents under commercial orchard conditions remains limited. We evaluated two native Chilean rhizobacteria (\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus mycoides<\/jats:italic>\n                    25 and\n                    <jats:italic>Oerskovia<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. UCH-1055), previously shown to achieve &amp;gt;98%\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    mortality and 76% biocontrol efficacy under greenhouse conditions, using application strategies combining inoculum concentrations of 10\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u201310\n                    <jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub>\n                    CFU mL\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    , with or without reinoculation after 30 or 60 days, alongside untreated and chemical controls. Treatments were first evaluated under greenhouse conditions and subsequently validated in multi-site field trials across three commercial walnut orchards representing geographically distinct regions. Greenhouse experiments showed no statistically significant differences among treatments, despite numerical trends favoring bacterial applications. Field trials revealed strong site-dependent efficacy with significant suppression of\n                    <jats:italic>P. vulnus<\/jats:italic>\n                    populations in two of three orchards (Buin and Requ\u00ednoa), corresponding to Reproductive Index reductions of 70\u201383% relative to untreated controls. Spatial patterns were consistent with reductions in high-density\n                    <jats:italic>P. vulnus<\/jats:italic>\n                    areas at these responsive sites. By contrast, rhizobacterial treatments did not produce major consistent changes in the abundance of non-target free-living nematodes. These results provide multi-site field validation of native rhizobacteria against\n                    <jats:italic>P. vulnus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , highlighting the biocontrol potential of\n                    <jats:italic>Oerskovia<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. UCH-1055 under responsive field conditions, and the need to evaluate rhizobacterial performance across multiple commercial sites before broader implementation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2026.1876371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:46:17Z","timestamp":1790660777000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multi-site evaluation of Chilean native rhizobacteria for the sustainable management of the walnut root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus vulnus (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Vicente-D\u00edez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Agron\u00f3micas, Universidad de Chile","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"name":"Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento","place":["San Michele all\u2019Adige, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javiera Ignacia","family":"Ya\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Agron\u00f3micas, Universidad de Chile","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Am\u00e9rico","family":"Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Agron\u00f3micas, Universidad de Chile","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Henr\u00edquez-S\u00e1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Agron\u00f3micas, Universidad de Chile","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ximena","family":"Antiguay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Productos e Insumos Biotecnol\u00f3gicos S.A. (Biogram)","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Castaneda-Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Agron\u00f3micas, Universidad de Chile","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"142","article-title":"Discrimination of six Pratylenchus species using PCR and species-specific primers","volume":"36","author":"Al-Banna","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Nematol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1433716","article-title":"Biocontrol of plant parasitic nematodes by bacteria and fungi: a multi-omics approach for the exploration of novel nematicides in sustainable agriculture","volume":"15","author":"Ayaz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. 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