{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:32:02Z","timestamp":1786422722103,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Common bean (\n                    <jats:italic>Phaseolus vulgaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    L.) exhibits significant susceptibility to heat stress during its reproductive phase. However, the physiological and reproductive traits underlying heat tolerance remain inadequately characterised across diverse bean germplasm. In this study, 56 accessions were assessed under controlled heat stress conditions (32\/22\u00a0\u00b0C day\/night) and optimal conditions (25\/15\u00a0\u00b0C) during the flowering-to-podding stage over a seven-day period across two consecutive growing seasons (2023 and 2024). Seventeen traits encompassing phenological, growth, physiological, reproductive, and yield categories were evaluated. Heat stress resulted in severe and consistent yield reductions across both seasons, with the extent of these reductions varying significantly between the tolerant and sensitive accessions. Single seed weight decreased by approximately 8% in tolerant accessions compared to approximately 34% in sensitive accessions, whereas total seed weight decreased by approximately 50% and 71%, respectively, with differences that were highly reproducible across both growing seasons. Pollen viability, pollen germination, stigma receptivity, and ovule viability were the most pronounced differentiators between the groups. Pollen viability decreased by 55\u201359% in tolerant accessions compared to 64\u201372% in sensitive lines, and pollen germination decreased by 59\u201365% and 71\u201379% across both years, respectively. In addition, tolerant accessions exhibited substantially lower electrolyte leakage and smaller declines in stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic efficiency. Two-way ANOVA revealed significant effects of accession, treatment, and their interaction for the key reproductive and yield traits. Regression analysis identified total seed weight ratio (R\u00b2 = 0.876 and 0.801) and single seed weight ratio (R\u00b2 = 0.522 and 0.523) as the traits most strongly associated with heat tolerance, whilst pollen viability (R\u00b2 = 0.449 and 0.488), pollen germination (R\u00b2 = 0.428 and 0.460), ovule viability (R\u00b2 = 0.438 and 0.387), and stigma receptivity (R\u00b2 = 0.428 and 0.366) showed moderate associations. Cluster and principal component analyses consistently identified IC-14912, EC-106613, IC-545783, and IC-16906 as heat-tolerant and IC-545792, EC-100098, EC-121013, and IC-362075 as heat-sensitive in both seasons. The identified heat-tolerant accessions represent priority genetic resources for heat tolerance breeding programmes in common bean.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2026.1904240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:21:56Z","timestamp":1786422116000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multi-trait phenotyping under reproductive-stage heat stress reveals heritable reproductive and yield indicators of tolerance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Aastha","family":"Sharda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Panjab University","place":["Chandigarh, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shikha","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Panjab University","place":["Chandigarh, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhawna","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Panjab University","place":["Chandigarh, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station","place":["Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uday C.","family":"Jha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Pulses Research","place":["Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamal Dev","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar (CSK) Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University","place":["Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. V. Vara","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University","place":["Manhattan, KS, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kadambot H. M.","family":"Siddique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia","place":["Perth, WA, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harsh","family":"Nayyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Panjab University","place":["Chandigarh, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1071\/ea9921135","article-title":"Genotypic variation in response to high temperature at flowering in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)","volume":"32","author":"Agtunong","year":"1992","journal-title":"Aust. J. Exp. Agric."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci1993.0011183x003300040026x","article-title":"Heat injury during floral development in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata, Fabaceae)","volume":"79","author":"Ahmed","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Bot."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-19-3800-9_3","article-title":"Physiology of crop yield under heat stress","volume-title":"Thermotolerance in Crop Plants","author":"Aneja","year":"2022"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/07352689.2014.898450","article-title":"Abiotic stress responses in legumes: strategies used to cope with environmental challenges","volume":"34","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/23311932.2025.2548619","article-title":"Production and overall importance of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Ethiopia","volume":"11","author":"Asrat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cogent Food Agric."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s12298-020-00919-7","article-title":"Selection of cowpea cultivars for high temperature tolerance: physiological, biochemical and yield aspects","volume":"27","author":"Barros","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.01508","article-title":"Physiological traits for shortening crop duration and improving productivity of greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) under high temperature","volume":"10","author":"Basu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1071\/cp13303","article-title":"Common bean, biodiversity, and multiple stresses: challenges of drought resistance in tropical soils","volume":"65","author":"Beebe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crop Pasture Sci."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10722-025-02328-9","article-title":"Morpho-physiological traits underpinning high-temperature stress tolerance in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.)","volume":"72","author":"Biradar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genet. Resour. Crop Evol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1007\/s00122-006-0217-2","article-title":"QTL analysis of yield traits in an advanced backcross population derived from a cultivated Andean\u00d7 wild common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cross","volume":"112","author":"Blair","year":"2006","journal-title":"Theor. Appl. Genet."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy12030612","article-title":"Towards heat tolerant runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) by utilizing plant genetic resources","volume":"12","author":"Bomers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Agron"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1537-2197.1963.tb06564.x","article-title":"The essential role of calcium ion in pollen germination and pollen tube growth","volume":"50","author":"Brewbaker","year":"1963","journal-title":"Am. J. Bot."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci1990.0011183x003000010024x","article-title":"Photosynthetic responses to heat stress in common bean genotypes differing in heat acclimation potential","volume":"30","author":"Chaisompongpan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Crop Sci."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.1042999","article-title":"Assessing the heat sensitivity of Urdbean (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) genotypes involving physiological, reproductive and yield traits under field and controlled environment","volume":"13","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2023.1145858","article-title":"Interspecific common bean population derived from Phaseolus acutifolius using a bridging genotype demonstrate useful adaptation to heat tolerance","volume":"14","author":"Cruz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.01087","article-title":"Seedling emergence and phenotypic response of common bean germplasm to different temperatures under controlled conditions and in open field","volume":"7","author":"De Ron","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.880519","article-title":"Response of physiological, reproductive function and yield traits in cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under heat stress","volume":"13","author":"Devi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-020-07213-6","article-title":"Genetic mapping for agronomic traits in a MAGIC population of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under drought conditions","volume":"21","author":"D\u00edaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Genom."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1071\/cp17012","article-title":"Heat stress in grain legumes during reproductive and grain-filling phases","volume":"68","author":"Farooq","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crop Pasture Sci."},{"key":"B20","volume-title":"Faostat Statistical Database","year":"2024"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4290(94)90112-0","article-title":"Differential sensitivity to high temperature of stages in the reproductive development of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)","volume":"36","author":"Gross","year":"1994","journal-title":"Field Crops Res."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2022.109248","article-title":"Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts: I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation","volume":"125","author":"Heath","year":"1968","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11091132","article-title":"Genetic diversity and environmental influence on yield and yield-related traits of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis L.)","volume":"11","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci1999.3961762x","article-title":"Reproductive\u2010stage heat tolerance, leaf membrane thermostability and plant morphology in cowpea","volume":"39","author":"Ismail","year":"1999","journal-title":"Crop Sci."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-84615-6","article-title":"Differential physiological and yield responses of selected mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) genotypes to various high-temperature stress regimes","volume":"15","author":"Jha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/jac.12365","article-title":"Impact of heat stress on pod\u2010based yield components in field pea (Pisum sativum L.)","volume":"206","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Agron. Crop Sci."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1071\/fp13082","article-title":"Heat-stress-induced reproductive failures in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) are associated with impaired sucrose metabolism in leaves and anthers","volume":"40","author":"Kaushal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.6090\/jarq.40.213","article-title":"Adaptation to heat and drought stresses in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) during the reproductive stage of development","volume":"40","author":"Kumar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Jpn. Agric. Res. Q."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2019.00954","article-title":"Last-generation genome\u2013environment associations reveal the genetic basis of heat tolerance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)","volume":"10","author":"L\u00f3pez-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy13102546","article-title":"Mungbean (Vigna radiata) growth and yield response in relation to water stress and elevated day\/night temperature conditions","volume":"13","author":"Mahajan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Agron"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1038\/247298a0","article-title":"Protein pellicle of stigmatic papillae as a probable recognition site in incompatibility reactions","volume":"247","author":"Mattsson","year":"1974","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1111\/pbr.12573","article-title":"Genomics, genetics and breeding of common bean in Africa: A review of tropical legume project","volume":"138","author":"Mukankusi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Breed."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1534\/g3.119.400072","article-title":"Single and multi-trait GWAS identify genetic factors associated with production traits in common bean under abiotic stress environments","volume":"9","author":"Oladzad","year":"2019","journal-title":"G3: Genes Genomes Genet."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/803413","article-title":"Adaptation to high temperature and water deficit in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) during the reproductive period","volume":"2012","author":"Omae","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bot."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-037x.2006.00229.x","article-title":"Application of stress indices for heat tolerance screening of common bean","volume":"192","author":"Porch","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Agron. Crop Sci."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy3020433","article-title":"Use of wild relatives and closely related species to adapt common bean to climate change","volume":"3","author":"Porch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Agron"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3040.2001.00716.x","article-title":"Effects of high\u2010temperature stress on microsporogenesis in heat\u2010sensitive and heat\u2010tolerant genotypes of Phaseolus vulgaris","volume":"24","author":"Porch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2486.2002.00508.x","article-title":"Effects of elevated temperature and carbon dioxide on seed\u2010set and yield of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)","volume":"8","author":"Prasad","year":"2002","journal-title":"Glob. Change Biol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.15382","article-title":"Enhancing tolerance to combined heat and drought stress in cool\u2010season grain legumes: Mechanisms, genetic insights, and future directions","volume":"2025","author":"Priya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839906289671","article-title":"Evaluation of Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray plant introductions under high temperatures in a controlled environment","volume":"52","author":"Rainey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genet. Resour. Crop Evol."},{"key":"B41","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2023"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12132491","article-title":"High temperature tolerance in a novel, high-quality Phaseolus vulgaris breeding line is due to maintenance of pollen viability and successful germination on the stigma","volume":"12","author":"Rose","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2016.04.001","article-title":"Modelling the impact of drought and heat stress on common bean with two different photosynthesis model approaches","volume":"81","author":"Seidel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Software"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2016.10.033","article-title":"Influence of high temperature stress on growth, phenology and yield performance of mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] under managed growth conditions","volume":"213","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2015.06.002","article-title":"Morphological and physiological characterization of different genotypes of faba bean under heat stress","volume":"22","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2015","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-992x-2018-0233","article-title":"Influence of high temperature on the reproductive biology of dry edible bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)","volume":"77","author":"Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Agric."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-021-02837-6","article-title":"The genetics and physiology of seed dormancy, a crucial trait in common bean domestication","volume":"21","author":"Soltani","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-019-5669-2","article-title":"Elevated temperatures cause loss of seed set in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) potentially through the disruption of source-sink relationships","volume":"20","author":"Soltani","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Genom."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00029263","article-title":"Heat tolerance in food legumes as evaluated by cell membrane thermostability and chlorophyll fluorescence techniques","volume":"88","author":"Srinivasan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1007\/s10681-020-2565-4","article-title":"Adaptation of common bean lines to high temperature conditions: Genotypic differences in phenological and agronomic performance","volume":"216","author":"Su\u00e1rez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.7740\/kjcs.2023.68.2.047","article-title":"The effects of increased temperature on yield properties, antioxidant contents, and pollen viability of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis L.) responses in temperature gradient greenhouse and growth periods","volume":"68","author":"Suh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Korean J. Crop Sci."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1007\/s10725-025-01340-4","article-title":"Star of biochemical traits of heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive Phaseolus genotypes in coping with heat stress","volume":"105","author":"Tene","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plant Growth Regul."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture13050953","article-title":"Traits related to heat stress in Phaseolus species","volume":"13","author":"Tene","year":"2023","journal-title":"Agri"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2003.08.011","article-title":"Comparison of selection for either leaf-electrolyte-leakage or pod set in enhancing heat tolerance and grain yield of cowpea","volume":"86","author":"Thiaw","year":"2004","journal-title":"Field Crops Res."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.3906\/tar-1709-1","article-title":"Physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of thermotolerance in moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal)","volume":"42","author":"Tiwari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Turk. J. Agric. For."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2018.04.0275","article-title":"Screening for heat tolerance in Phaseolus spp. using multiple methods","volume":"58","author":"Traub","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crop Sci."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.1986.tb13953.x","article-title":"Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as a vital component of sustainable agriculture and food security-a review","volume":"5","author":"Uebersax","year":"2023","journal-title":"Legume Res."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2007.05.014","article-title":"Large variation in salinity tolerance in chickpea is explained by differences in sensitivity at the reproductive stage","volume":"104","author":"Vadez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Field Crops Res."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249859","article-title":"Physiological and genetic characterization of heat stress effects in a common bean RIL population","volume":"16","author":"Vargas","year":"2021","journal-title":"PloS One"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Plant Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpls.2026.1904240\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:21:58Z","timestamp":1786422118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpls.2026.1904240\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpls.2026.1904240"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2026.1904240","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-462X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-462X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"article-number":"1904240"}}