{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T05:47:47Z","timestamp":1785822467726,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Regional variability in secondary metabolite biosynthesis represents a critical dimension of plant chemodiversity. This study examined\n                      <jats:italic>Acanthospermum hispidum<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Vitex simplicifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Vetiveria nigritana<\/jats:italic>\n                      collected from three ecological zones of Burkina Faso (Centre-North, Centre, Cascades), focusing on phytochemical composition and bio\u00a0activities.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Qualitative profiling of phenolic acids and flavonoids was performed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The solvent system consisted of ethyl acetate\/formic acid\/glacial acetic acid\/water (100\/11\/11\/26). The total phenolic content of plant extracts was determined using the Folin\u2013Ciocalteu method. The flavonoid content was determined using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method. The biological potential of the extracts was evaluated using three biological assays: antioxidant activities (ABTS and FRAP), antiplasmodial activity, and antibacterial activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Quantitative assays revealed pronounced differences in metabolite accumulation:\n                      <jats:italic>V. simplicifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                      leaves from the Centre region contained the highest polyphenol levels (450.21\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.18 \u00b5g GAE\/100 mg), while leaves from Cascades exhibited peak flavonoid content (269.43\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.89 \u00b5g QE\/100 mg). Antioxidant capacity varied accordingly, with\n                      <jats:italic>A. hispidum<\/jats:italic>\n                      leafy stems from Cascades showing strong ABTS activity (5.76\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.32 \u00b5mol AAE\/g) and\n                      <jats:italic>V. simplicifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                      bark from Centre-North displaying maximal FRAP reducing power (0.29\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.004 \u00b5mol AAE\/g). Bioactivity assays highlighted methanolic macerates of\n                      <jats:italic>A. hispidum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Centre) with promising antiplasmodial activity (IC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a015.71 \u00b5g\/mL), and\n                      <jats:italic>V. nigritana<\/jats:italic>\n                      rhizomes with potent bactericidal effects (MIC\u00a0=\u00a01.5\u20133 mg\/mL; MBC\/MIC\u00a0\u2264\u00a02). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed three chemotypic clusters linking metabolite profiles to ecological origin:\n                      <jats:italic>V. simplicifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Centre\/Cascades) associated with antioxidant and antibacterial potency,\n                      <jats:italic>A. hispidum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Centre) with antiplasmodial activity, and\n                      <jats:italic>V. nigritana<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Centre-North\/Cascades) with antibacterial strength.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings underscore the ecological modulation of secondary metabolism and highlight the importance of regional chemodiversity for phytomedicine standardization and biodiversity conservation<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2026.1906990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T05:38:22Z","timestamp":1785821902000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Regional variability in phytochemical profiles and bioactivities of macerate and decoction extracts from three medicinal plants of Burkina Faso"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Abdel Magid Ars\u00e8ne","family":"Ouoba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Chemistry Applied (LABIOCA), Universit\u00e9 Joseph KI-ZERBO","place":["Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemayoro","family":"Sama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Chemistry Applied (LABIOCA), Universit\u00e9 Joseph KI-ZERBO","place":["Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Food Technology and Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Universit\u00e9 Joseph KI-ZERBO","place":["Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harouna","family":"Sor\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Chemistry Applied (LABIOCA), Universit\u00e9 Joseph KI-ZERBO","place":["Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"]},{"name":"Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme (CNRFP) & Institut National de Sant\u00e9 Publique (INSP)","place":["Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoul-Nassir\u00e9","family":"Derra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Chemistry Applied (LABIOCA), Universit\u00e9 Joseph KI-ZERBO","place":["Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samson","family":"Guenn\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Chemistry Applied (LABIOCA), Universit\u00e9 Joseph KI-ZERBO","place":["Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adama","family":"Hilou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Chemistry Applied (LABIOCA), Universit\u00e9 Joseph KI-ZERBO","place":["Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.48130\/mpb-0024-0016","article-title":"Environmental factors on secondary metabolism in medicinal plants: exploring accelerating factors","volume":"3","author":"Alami","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medicinal Plant Biol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1934578X1200700235","DOI":"10.1177\/1934578x1200700235","article-title":"Bioactivity of the essential oil of an argentine collection of Acanthospermum hispidum (Asteraceae)","volume":"7","author":"Alva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. 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