{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T10:29:33Z","timestamp":1786357773344,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2025QC238, ZR2023QC046, ZR2023QC016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2025QC238, ZR2023QC046, ZR2023QC016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Soil salinization threatens global arable land and agricultural sustainability, severely reducing crop nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by disrupting root ammonium and nitrate fluxes, impairing nitrogen-assimilation enzymes, and disrupting carbon\u2013nitrogen (C\u2013N) balance. This review synthesizes recent advances in the coordination of salt-stress signaling and nitrogen homeostasis in plants. Two mechanistically distinct regulatory axes have recently been proposed. In one, a nitrate transporter acts as a dual sensor for nitrate and abscisic acid (ABA); in the other, SOS kinase-mediated phosphorylation of an ammonium transporter maintains ammonium uptake under Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    stress. In addition, rapid post-translational regulatory mechanisms, including reversible protein phosphorylation and\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    -nitrosylation of nitrate reductase, can fine-tune nitrogen fluxes shortly after salt exposure. These findings inform a four-tier closed-loop conceptual framework comprising signal perception, transport reprogramming, metabolic redistribution, and genetic redesign. The framework yields three testable predictions: the sequential activation of regulatory tiers; a quantitative relationship between Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    signal amplitude and the extent of C\u2013N metabolic redistribution; and salt-concentration thresholds that distinguish basal homeostatic buffering from full adaptive reprogramming. Translation of this framework to field crops requires an integrated breeding pipeline that combines multi-environment quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, pan-genome-enabled genome-wide association studies, genomic selection for minor-effect alleles, and multiplex CRISPR editing coupled with stress-inducible synthetic promoters to pyramid favorable traits while minimizing yield penalties. A major unresolved challenge is to resolve the dynamic protein\u2013metabolite networks that govern growth\u2013defense trade-offs under combined salinity and nitrogen limitation. The integration of single-cell transcriptomics, isotope-based metabolic flux analysis, and machine-learning-assisted phenomics may help link genotypic variation to agronomic performance in salinized agroecosystems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2026.1922452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T09:40:22Z","timestamp":1786354822000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nitrogen use efficiency in crops under salt stress: from molecular networks to intelligent breeding"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ranran","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University","place":["Liaocheng, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University","place":["Liaocheng, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shulei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University","place":["Liaocheng, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University","place":["Liaocheng, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Like","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University","place":["Liaocheng, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1009669507144","article-title":"Identification of quantitative trait loci for nitrogen use efficiency in maize","volume":"5","author":"Agrama","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol. 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