{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:55:42Z","timestamp":1791262542040,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clonal integration typically enhances the fitness of clonal plants in heterogeneous resource environments, whereas it reduces fitness under parasitic stress. However, it remains unclear whether parasitic stress interacts with nutrient heterogeneity to affect the ecological effects of clonal integration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a greenhouse pot experiment using the invasive clonal plant\n                      <jats:italic>Sphagneticola trilobata<\/jats:italic>\n                      , with or without one ramet parasitized by\n                      <jats:italic>Cuscuta chinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and with or without severing the connection (allowing or preventing integration), under heterogeneous or homogeneous nutrient supply, combined with\n                      <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                      N tracing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our results showed that (1) compared with the severed treatment, the connection treatment significantly increased\n                      <jats:italic>C. chinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      biomass and markedly decreased the biomass of connected but unparasitized ramets, but did not affect the biomass of directly parasitized ramets, ultimately leading to a significant decrease in the total biomass of clonal fragments of\n                      <jats:italic>S. trilobata<\/jats:italic>\n                      ; (2) heterogeneous nutrient supply significantly intensified the detrimental effect of\n                      <jats:italic>C. chinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      on parasitized ramets, but did not significantly affect connected unparasitized ramets; and (3) neither nutrient heterogeneity nor parasitism by\n                      <jats:italic>C. chinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0affected the amount of\n                      <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>\n                      N translocated among ramets. Collectively, these findings indicate that under parasitic stress, clonal integration has detrimental effects on plant fitness. Nutrient heterogeneity intensified the negative effects on parasitized ramets in poor patches but did not alter the detrimental effects on whole clonal fragments. Thus,\n                      <jats:italic>C. chinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      suppresses\n                      <jats:italic>S. trilobata<\/jats:italic>\n                      consistently across nutrient conditions, supporting its potential as a biocontrol agent.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2026.1947645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:26:08Z","timestamp":1791260768000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Parasitism induces negative effects of clonal integration in the invasive plant Sphagneticola trilobata regardless of nutrient heterogeneity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Tian-Xiu","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Shandong University of Aeronautics","place":["Binzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiangbao","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Shandong University of Aeronautics","place":["Binzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang-Lei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Shandong University of Aeronautics","place":["Binzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.2307\/1938903","article-title":"Nitrogen sharing among ramets increases clonal growth in Fragaria chiloensis","volume":"72","author":"Alpert","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.14181","article-title":"Does nitrogen affect the interaction between a native hemiparasite and its native or introduced leguminous hosts","volume":"213","author":"Cirocco","year":"2017","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"B3","volume-title":"The Ecology and Evolution of Clonal Plants","author":"de Kroon","year":"1997"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1111\/jvs.12262","article-title":"The effects of hemiparasitic plant removal on community structure and seedling establishment in semi-natural grasslands","volume":"26","author":"Demey","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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