{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T06:56:53Z","timestamp":1790751413690,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lachrymatory factor, an irritating volatile compound that induces tearing, is produced when onion bulbs are cut or chopped. Lachrymatory factor synthase (LFS)-specific suppression in onion may reduce the lachrymatory effect and enhance flavor and health-functional properties. Genome editing enables precise modification of target genes in plant genomes. However, no reports targeting genes controlling onion-specific traits have been published. Therefore, we aimed to generate onion plants with reduced LFS activity via clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)\/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR\/Cas9) genome editing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Calli induced from primary roots were transformed with\n                      <jats:italic>Agrobacterium tumefaciens<\/jats:italic>\n                      carrying expression cassettes for CRISPR\/Cas9, guide RNA, green fluorescent protein (GFP), and hygromycin resistance; callus lines with a high frequency of stable GFP expression were selected as \u201celite callus lines\u201d suitable for transformation. Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS), heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), and Sanger sequencing confirmed mutations introduced into the\n                      <jats:italic>LFS<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene, and plants were regenerated from the confirmed\n                      <jats:italic>LFS<\/jats:italic>\n                      -edited callus lines.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The LFS enzyme activity was lower in the leaves and bulbs of the\n                      <jats:italic>LFS<\/jats:italic>\n                      -edited plants than in those of control plants, while the\n                      <jats:italic>LFS<\/jats:italic>\n                      -edited plants exhibited severe growth abnormalities and failed to set seed, possibly due to long-term culturing to maintain the elite callus line. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of onion genome editing to modify a specific onion trait, namely, LFS activity. Our findings provide a basis for further development toward the ultimate goal of producing tear-free onions with enhanced health-functional properties.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2026.1949452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T06:06:41Z","timestamp":1790748401000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Generation of lachrymatory factor synthase-suppressed onion (Allium cepa L.) by Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer for CRISPR\/Cas9 genome editing"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shoya","family":"Tamaru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Research Division, Research & Development Headquarters, House Foods Group Inc.","place":["Chiba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinsuke","family":"Imai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Research Division, Research & Development Headquarters, House Foods Group Inc.","place":["Chiba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Research Division, Research & Development Headquarters, House Foods Group Inc.","place":["Chiba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Ikegai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Research Division, Research & Development Headquarters, House Foods Group Inc.","place":["Chiba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachie","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Research Division, Research & Development Headquarters, House Foods Group Inc.","place":["Chiba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Igawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University","place":["Chiba, Japan"]},{"name":"Plant Molecular Science Center, Chiba University","place":["Chiba, Japan"]},{"name":"Research Center for Space Agriculture and Horticulture, Chiba University","place":["Chiba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Kamoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Research Division, Research & Development Headquarters, House Foods Group Inc.","place":["Chiba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.5511\/plantbiotechnology.14.0512a","article-title":"Enhanced translation of the downstream ORF attributed to a long 5\u2032 untranslated region in the OsMac1 gene family members, OsMac2 and OsMac3","volume":"31","author":"Aoki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2020.128636","article-title":"Novel bisthiolane polysulfides from lachrymatory factor synthase-suppressed onion and their in vitro cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitory activity","volume":"344","author":"Aoyagi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10893","DOI":"10.1021\/jf202446q","article-title":"Structure and bioactivity of thiosulfinates resulting from suppression of lachrymatory factor synthase in onion","volume":"59","author":"Aoyagi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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