{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:04:31Z","timestamp":1790661871133,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Casparian strip membrane domain proteins like (CASPL), exhibit profound associations with root development, stress responsiveness and mineral element uptake in plants. However, systematic characterization of the CASPL family in\n                      <jats:italic>H. vulgare<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>Hordeum vulgare<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and its involvement in drought and salt stresses remains unclear.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, a genome-wide identification and systematic analysis of the\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene family was performed. Gene structure, conserved motifs, phylogenetic classification, duplication events, selective pressure, and cis-acting regulatory elements were comprehensively analyzed. Tissue-specific expression patterns and the expression responses of candidate\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes to ABA, PEG6000-induced dehydration, and salt stress were further validated via RT-qPCR.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, 36\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes were identified and classified into five Groups. Gene structure and conserved motif analyses revealed that 94%\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL<\/jats:italic>\n                      members possess the typical CASP domain, variations in exon-intron and motif composition suggested functional divergence. Tandem duplication (TD) and whole-genome duplication (WGD) were identified as the primary driving force for\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL<\/jats:italic>\n                      family expansion, with purifying selection (Ka\/Ks&amp;lt;1) maintaining sequence integrity. Promoter cis-element analysis revealed a complex regulatory network involving hormone, stress responses, and growth and development signaling. Tissue expression patterns showed that\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes were significantly differentially expressed in different tissues, with\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL12\/19\/22\/23<\/jats:italic>\n                      showing higher expression levels in roots. Notably, RT-qPCR expression profiling on 14 selected genes from 36\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL<\/jats:italic>\n                      family members demonstrated that eight\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes (\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL5<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL16<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL22<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) were significantly upregulated in response to ABA, PEG6000 and salt treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These transcriptomic findings indicate that the\n                      <jats:italic>HvCASPL<\/jats:italic>\n                      family has undergone functional diversification at the transcriptional level and exhibits distinct expression reprogramming under PEG-simulated dehydration and salt stress, implying their potential involvement in barley abiotic stress responses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2026.1966952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:47:34Z","timestamp":1790660854000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genome-wide identification of the Hordeum vulgare (L.) CASPL gene family and its diverse roles in response to drought and salt stress"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University","place":["Mudanjiang, China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University","place":["Mudanjiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University","place":["Mudanjiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongzhuo","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Basic Medicine, Mudanjiang Medical University","place":["Mudanjiang, China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.12.021","article-title":"Adaptation of root function by nutrient-induced plasticity of endodermal differentiation","volume":"164","author":"Barberon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erg143","article-title":"Variation in the shoot calcium content of angiosperms","volume":"54","author":"Broadley","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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