{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T19:25:49Z","timestamp":1792524349038,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.01126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,7]],"date-time":"2016-08-07T23:12:06Z","timestamp":1470611526000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["Structural Validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in Chinese Undergraduate Students"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"07","author":[{"given":"Suran","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenmei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siwei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2006.08.003","article-title":"Validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) among Nigerian university students.","volume":"8","author":"Aloba","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2003.12.002","article-title":"Psychometric evaluation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in cancer patients.","volume":"27","author":"Beck","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Pain Symptom Manag."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201S","DOI":"10.3945\/an.111.000331","article-title":"A narrative review of physical activity, nutrition, and obesity to cognition and scholastic performance across the human lifespan.","volume":"2","author":"Burkhalter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr. Int. Rev. J."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-8425.2010.00473.x","article-title":"Structure validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in renal transplant recipients: a confirmatory factor analysis.","volume":"8","author":"Burkhalter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep Biol. Rhythms"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2012.03.045","article-title":"The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in older primary care patients with generalized anxiety disorder: psychometrics and outcomes following cognitive behavioral therapy.","volume":"199","author":"Bush","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","article-title":"The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research.","volume":"28","author":"Buysse","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.2.185","article-title":"Sleep\u2013wake patterns and sleep disturbance among Hong Kong Chinese adolescents.","volume":"31","author":"Chung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.1.112","article-title":"Validation of a 3-factor scoring model for the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in older adults.","volume":"29","author":"Cole","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-014-2960-z","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in patients with fibromyalgia.","volume":"34","author":"Contreras","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-012-1085-y","article-title":"Validity of the Italian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).","volume":"34","author":"Curcio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2004.00655.x","article-title":"Sleepless in Chicago: tracking the effects of adolescent sleep loss during the middle school years.","volume":"75","author":"Fredricksen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"issue":"e116383","key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116383","article-title":"Construct validity and factor structure of the pittsburgh sleep quality index and epworth sleepiness scale in a multi-national study of African, South East Asian and South American college students.","volume":"9","author":"Gelaye","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(01)00061-4","article-title":"A cognitive model of insomnia.","volume":"40","author":"Harvey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"B14","first-page":"123","article-title":"The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: validation of the Urdu translation.","volume":"24","author":"Hashmi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Coll. Physicians Surg. Pak."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018646","article-title":"Loneliness impairs daytime functioning but not sleep duration.","volume":"29","author":"Hawkley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Psychol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.10.019","article-title":"Factor structure of the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in breast cancer patients.","volume":"15","author":"Ho","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","article-title":"Cut off criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives.","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Struct. Equ. Modeling"},{"key":"B18","first-page":"103","article-title":"Reliability and validity of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chin. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2009.06.016","article-title":"Sleep patterns and predictors of disturbed sleep in a large population of college students.","volume":"46","author":"Lund","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-8425.2008.00371.x","article-title":"An investigation of the dimensionality of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in Australian adults.","volume":"6","author":"Magee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep Biol. Rhythms"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2011.11.004","article-title":"Validation of the three-factor model of the PSQI in a large sample of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients.","volume":"72","author":"Mariman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-2012-0333","article-title":"Association analyses of depression, anxiety, and physical fitness parameters in Turkish obese adults.","volume":"25","author":"Mollaoglu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Back Musculoskelet. Rehabil."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/15402002.2012.720315","article-title":"Confirmatory factor analysis of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.","volume":"12","author":"Nicassio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behav. Sleep Med."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1207\/s15402010bsm0303_1","article-title":"Sleep and risk-taking behavior in adolescents.","volume":"3","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav. Sleep Med."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2012.03.008","article-title":"Factor analysis of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in breast cancer survivors.","volume":"45","author":"Otte","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pain Symptom Manag."},{"key":"B26","first-page":"875","article-title":"Investigation on sleeping quality of university students and its influential factors.","volume":"34","author":"Qi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mod. Prev. Med."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2007.09.016","article-title":"Chronic insomnia and its negative consequences for health and functioning of adolescents: a 12-month prospective study.","volume":"42","author":"Roberts","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"B28","first-page":"1462","article-title":"Sleep quality among college students and associated factors.","volume":"34","author":"Shi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin. J. Sch. Health"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1080\/07420520802397186","article-title":"Association between sleep behavior and sleep related factors among university students in Hong Kong.","volume":"25","author":"Suen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2012.12.001","article-title":"Epidemiology of insomnia in college students: relationship with mental health, quality of life, and substance use difficulties.","volume":"44","author":"Taylor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Behav. Ther."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.2342","article-title":"Psychometric characteristics of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in English speaking non-hispanic whites and English and Spanish speaking Hispanics of Mexican descent.","volume":"9","author":"Tomfohr","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Sleep Med."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/07448480903221418","article-title":"A study on the sleep patterns and problems of university business students in Hong Kong.","volume":"58","author":"Tsui","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Health"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2011.08.004","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the Taiwanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in cancer patients.","volume":"49","author":"Tzeng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Stud."},{"key":"B34","first-page":"200","author":"Wang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment Scale Manual."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1080\/08964280309596066","article-title":"Coping with sleep disturbances among young adults: a survey of first-year college students in Taiwan.","volume":"29","author":"Yang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Behav. Med."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,24]],"date-time":"2017-06-24T16:09:57Z","timestamp":1498320597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/Article\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.01126\/abstract"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,8]]},"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.01126","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,8]]}}}