{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T22:44:05Z","timestamp":1775688245391,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Previous systematic review indicated the prevalence of prenatal anxiety as 14\u201354%. Pregnant women are a high-risk population for COVID-19. However, the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and related factors is unknown in Chinese pregnant women during COVID-19 outbreak.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> To investigate the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and the related factors in Chinese pregnant women who were attending crisis intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> The data of this cross-sectional study were collected in about 2 months (February 28 to April 26, 2020). Data analysis was performed from April to May 2020. Participants completed a set of questionnaires via the Wechat Mini-program before starting the online self-help crisis intervention for COVID-19 epidemic. A total of 2,120 Chinese pregnant women who were attending a self-help crisis intervention participated in this study. A survey was developed to address possible stress-related factors in pregnant women during the COVID-19 outbreak, including demographic, socioeconomic, and pregnancy-related factors, as well as COVID-19 related factors. Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale and the 10-item perceived stress scale were, respectively, employed to measure anxiety and stress-related factors.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> A total of 21.7% (459) of pregnant women reported at least mild anxiety (\u22655 on the GAD-7 scale), and only 82 women reported moderate to severe anxiety (\u226510 on the GAD-7 scale). Factors associated with at least mild anxiety included living in Hubei province (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> = 1.68, <jats:italic>95% CI<\/jats:italic> = 1.32\u20132.13), nobody providing everyday life support (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> = 1.81, <jats:italic>95% CI<\/jats:italic> = 1.18\u20132.77), pelvic pain or vaginal bleeding (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> = 1.67, <jats:italic>95% CI<\/jats:italic> = 1.32\u20132.09), and higher perceived stress (<jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic> = 6.87, <jats:italic>95% CI<\/jats:italic> = 5.42\u20139.02). Having relatives or neighbors with a diagnosis of COVID-19 was not associated with anxiety (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;gt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions and Relevance:<\/jats:bold> Our findings indicate that evaluation and intervention for maternal and infant health are necessary in pregnant women with anxiety during COVID-19 epidemic, especially those with higher perceived stress, less everyday life support, or vaginal bleeding. Interactions among these related medical, social and psychological factors need to be investigated in future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.633765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T05:59:15Z","timestamp":1619762355000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Association of Stress-Related Factors With Anxiety Among Chinese Pregnant Participants in an Online Crisis Intervention During COVID-19 Epidemic"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Fangfang","family":"Shangguan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruoxi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenhao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongjie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengkui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang Yang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e031035","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-031035","article-title":"Neighbourhood socioeconomic status modifies the association between anxiety and depression during pregnancy and preterm birth: a Community-based Canadian cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Adhikari","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2020-0380","article-title":"Anxiety and depression symptoms in the same pregnant women before and during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"48","author":"Ayaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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