{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T17:35:03Z","timestamp":1785346503275,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]],"date-time":"2021-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Enhancing the quality of learning opportunities for students with disabilities and the learning level attained is a pending challenge. This challenge is especially relevant in the context of special schools, where the learning possibilities derived from interactions with others is limited. However, providing these students with a sufficient level of instrumental learning, such as literacy, and communicative and reasoning abilities is crucial for their subsequent educational and social opportunities. In this case study we analyse a special school that has implemented Dialogic Literary Gatherings with their students as a means to increase learning interactions within the group around the reading and debate of classical books. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the school principal and with a teacher of the transition to adult life course, and two focus groups were conducted with teachers\u2013one with primary education teachers and one with secondary education teachers\u2013and two focus groups with students\u2013one with primary education students and one secondary education and transition to adult life students\u2013. On the one hand, results show the characteristics of the Dialogic Literary Gatherings that allowed these students to participate and learn. On the other hand, several improvements have been observed. First, regarding instrumental learning, students increased their motivation for reading, and improved their communicative and reasoning abilities and in their reading proficiency. Second, regarding students' behavior, conflict has reduced, solidarity attitudes have increased, and they have acquired dialogic and argumentative habits. Finally, at the emotional level, they gained self-esteem and confidence and feel more empowered to make their voice heard.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.662639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]],"date-time":"2021-04-15T16:48:40Z","timestamp":1618505320000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Enhancing Literacy and Communicative Skills of Students With Disabilities in Special Schools Through Dialogic Literary Gatherings"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Aitana","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Villard\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Valls-Carol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Melgar Alcantud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itxaso","family":"Tellado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.2466\/15.10.PR0.111.6.952-962","article-title":"Self-esteem at school and self-handicapping in childhood: comparison of groups with learning disabilities","volume":"111","author":"Alesi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychol. Rep."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X16672864","article-title":"Beyond the walls: the social reintegration of prisoners through the dialogic reading of classic universal literature in prison","volume":"62","author":"Alvarez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Offender Ther. Comp. Criminol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800415614034","article-title":"Amaya: dialogic literary gatherings evoking passion for learning and a transformation of the relationships of a Roma girl with her classmates","volume":"21","author":"Aubert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Qual. Inq"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511610554.003","article-title":"Literacy, reification, and the dynamics of social interaction","volume-title":"Beyond Communities of Practice: Language, Power and Social Context","author":"Barton","year":"2005"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1191\/0265659003ct242oa","article-title":"Acquisition of literacy skills by children with severe disability","volume":"19","author":"Basil","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Lang. Teach. Ther."},{"key":"B6","first-page":"9","article-title":"Studying the effect dialogic reading has on family members' verbal interactions during shared reading","volume":"21","author":"Brannon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Srate J."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01040","article-title":"Development and plasticity of cognitive flexibility in early and middle childhood","volume":"8","author":"Buttelmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315528816","volume-title":"Personality, Cognition, and Social Interaction, Vol. 5","author":"Cantor","year":"2017"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-3802.2010.01156.x","article-title":"Examining the effect of positive behaviour support on academic achievement of students with disabilities","volume":"11","author":"Chitiyo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Res. Spec. Educ. Needs"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.2307\/1511262","article-title":"Self-understanding and self-esteem in children with learning disabilities","volume":"22","author":"Cosden","year":"1999","journal-title":"Learn. Disabil. Q."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1177\/0741932513485448","article-title":"Does access matter? time in general education and achievement for students with disabilities","volume":"34","author":"Cosier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Remedial Spec. Educ."},{"key":"B12","volume-title":"Executive Skills in Children and Adolescents: A Practical Guide to Assessment and Intervention","author":"Dawson","year":"2018"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2011.01497.x","article-title":"Effects of inclusion on the academic achievement and adaptive behaviour of children with intellectual disabilities","volume":"56","author":"Dessemontet","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Intell. Disabil. Res."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1177\/004005990303600103","article-title":"Creating learning opportunities for students with severe disabilities in inclusive classrooms","volume":"36","author":"Downing","year":"2003","journal-title":"Teach. Except. Child."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00439","article-title":"How the psychology of education contributes to research with a social impact on the education of students with special needs: the case of successful educational actions","volume":"11","author":"Duque","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychol"},{"key":"B16","unstructured":"Ethics for Researchers2013"},{"key":"B17","volume-title":"Sharing Words: Theory and Practice of Dialogic Learning","author":"Flecha","year":"2000"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-11176-6_4","article-title":"Successful educational actions in\/outside the classroom","volume-title":"Successful Educational Actions for Inclusion and Social Cohesion in Europe","author":"Flecha","year":"2015"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.17583\/rasp.2017.2660","article-title":"The other women in dialogic literary gatherings","volume":"5","author":"Garc\u00eda","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Aging Soc. Policy"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/cfs.12384","article-title":"Dialogic literary gatherings and out-of-home child care: creation of new meanings through classic literature","volume":"23","author":"Garcia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Fam. Soc. Work"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.14221\/ajte.2017v42n4.4","article-title":"Teacher education in schools as learning communities: transforming high-poverty schools through dialogic learning","volume":"42","author":"Garc\u00eda-Carri\u00f3n","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aust. J. Teacher Educ."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800420938879","article-title":"Exploring the impact of dialogic literary gatherings on students' relationships with a communicative approach","volume":"26","author":"Garc\u00eda-Carri\u00f3n","year":"2020","journal-title":"Qual. Inq."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-020-01446-5","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in young people: the importance of education","volume":"18","author":"Gil-Lacruz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1353\/foc.2012.0011","article-title":"Adolescent literacy: learning and understanding content","volume":"22","author":"Goldman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Future Child"},{"key":"B25","first-page":"111","article-title":"Concept of inclusion on the section of Vygotskian socio-cultural theory and neuropsychology","volume":"23","author":"Grum","year":"2012","journal-title":"Solsko Polje"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.15730\/forum.2016.58.1.15","article-title":"Toppling teacher domination of primary classroom talk through dialogic literary gatherings in England","volume":"58","author":"Hargreaves","year":"2016","journal-title":"FORUM"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecresq.2007.05.002","article-title":"Ready to learn? children's pre-academic achievement in pre-kindergarten programs","volume":"23","author":"Howes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Early Child. Res. Q."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appdev.2010.02.002","article-title":"Home support for emergent literacy: follow-up of a community-based implementation of dialogic reading","volume":"31","author":"Huebner","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Appl. Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.15124","article-title":"Associations between home literacy environment, brain white matter integrity, and cognitive abilities in preschoolage children","volume":"109","author":"Hutton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-0359","article-title":"Home reading environment and brain activation in preschool children listening to stories","volume":"136","author":"Hutton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B31","first-page":"3","article-title":"Literacy instruction for people with mental retardation: historical highlights and contemporary analysis","volume":"35","author":"Katims","year":"2000","journal-title":"Educ. Train. Autism Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s10566-016-9382-x","article-title":"Implicit assumptions in special education policy: promoting full inclusion for students with learning disabilities","volume":"46","author":"Kirby","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Youth Care Forum"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.2307\/1511183","article-title":"Self-concept in children with learning disabilities: the relationship between global self-concept, academic \u201cdiscounting,\u201d nonacademic self-concept, and perceived social support","volume":"17","author":"Kloomok","year":"1994","journal-title":"Learn. Disabil. Q."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-228X.2011.01121.x","article-title":"Early language learning and literacy: neuroscience implications for education","volume":"5","author":"Kuhl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mind Brain Educ."},{"key":"B35","first-page":"54","article-title":"Special needs students in inclusive classrooms: the impact of social interaction on educational outcomes for learners with emotional and behavioral disabilities","volume":"1","author":"Lamport","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1079126","article-title":"Evidence-based literacy instruction for individuals who require augmentative and alternative communication: a case study of a student with multiple disabilities","volume":"29","author":"Light","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin. Speech Lang."},{"key":"B37","volume-title":"Literacy in the New Millennium","author":"Lonsdale","year":"2004"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.17583\/ijep.2019.4028","article-title":"Developing school-relevant language and literacy skills through dialogic literary gatherings","volume":"8","author":"L\u00f3pez de Aguileta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Sch. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2007.05.001","article-title":"Teacher expectations, classroom context, and the achievement gap","volume":"46","author":"McKown","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Sch. Psychol."},{"key":"B40","first-page":"2","article-title":"Exploring the infant social brain: what's going on in there","volume":"36","author":"Meltzoff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zero Three"},{"key":"B41","first-page":"19","article-title":"Ethics in qualitative research in education and the social sciences","volume-title":"Qualitative Research: An Introduction to Methods and Designs","author":"Mertens","year":"2012"},{"key":"B42","article-title":"INTER-ACT: Interactive environments for inclusion in contexts of functional diversity (Garc\u00eda-Carri\u00f3n, 2018\u20132021)","volume-title":"Programa Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n, Desarrollo e Innovaci\u00f3n Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad","year":"2017"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800415611690","article-title":"Alba, a girl who successfully overcomes barriers of intellectual disability through dialogic literary gatherings","volume":"21","author":"Molina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Qual. Inq."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112120","DOI":"10.2511\/027494811800824516","article-title":"Broadening the conceptualization of literacy in the lives of adults with intellectual disability","volume":"36","author":"Morgan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Res. Pract. Persons Severe Disabl."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1080\/00405840701232943","article-title":"The importance of teacher-student relationships for adolescents with high incidence disabilities","volume":"46","author":"Murray","year":"2007","journal-title":"Theory Pract."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.4067\/S0718-09342010000400002","article-title":"From power-related communicative acts to dialogic communicative acts in classrooms organised in interactive groups","volume":"43","author":"Oliver","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev. Signos"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1080\/0305764X.2012.733341","article-title":"Critical communicative methodology: including vulnerable voices in research through dialogue","volume":"42","author":"Puigvert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cambridge J. Educ."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-8606.2010.00144.x","article-title":"Building literacy instruction from children's sociocultural worlds","volume":"5","author":"Purcell-Gates","year":"2011","journal-title":"Child Dev. Perspect"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800415611689","article-title":"Reconstructing autobiographical memories and crafting a new self through dialogic literary gatherings","volume":"21","author":"Racionero-Plaza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Qual. Inq"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1177\/001440290206800204","article-title":"Outcomes for students with learning disabilities in inclusive and pullout programs","volume":"68","author":"Rea","year":"2002","journal-title":"Except. Child."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.81.4.631","article-title":"Impact of social comparisons on the developing self-perceptions of learning disabled students","volume":"81","author":"Renick","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Educ. Psychol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1348\/000709905X53589","article-title":"Expecting the best for students: teacher expectations and academic outcomes","volume":"76","author":"Rubie-Davies","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1177\/074193259801900205","article-title":"Implementing instructional adaptations for students with disabilities in inclusive classrooms: a literature review","volume":"19","author":"Scott","year":"1998","journal-title":"Remedial Spec. Educ."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1080\/14767724.2016.1222896","article-title":"Global citizenship and the importance of education in a globally integrated world","volume":"15","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glob. Soc. Educ."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800415614032","article-title":"Biographies of \u201cinvisible\u201d people who transform their lives and enhance social transformations through dialogic gatherings","volume":"21","author":"Soler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Qual. Inq"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-2006(02)00167-9","article-title":"The influence of home-based reading interactions on 5-year-olds' reading motivations and early literacy development","volume":"17","author":"Sonnenschein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Early Child. Res. Q."},{"key":"B57","volume-title":"The Art of Case Study Research","author":"Stake","year":"1995"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2013.11.024","article-title":"Mental health law and the UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities","volume":"37","author":"Szmukler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Law Psychiatry"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2017.02.004","article-title":"Academic achievement of students without special educational needs in inclusive classrooms: a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Szumski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Educ. Res. Rev."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.28.6.1106","article-title":"Accelerating language development through picture book reading: a systematic extension to Mexican day care","volume":"28","author":"Valdez-Menchaca","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.3390\/su10072138","article-title":"Impact of the interactive learning environments in children's prosocial behavior","volume":"10","author":"Villard\u00f3n-Gallego","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2753\/RPO1061-0405180167","article-title":"The development of higher forms of attention in childhood","volume":"18","author":"Vygotsky","year":"1979","journal-title":"Soviet Psychol."},{"key":"B63","first-page":"1","article-title":"The collected works of L. S. Vygotsky","volume-title":"The Fundamentals of Defectology (Abnormal Psychology and Learning Disabilities), Vol. 2","author":"Vygotsky","year":"1993"},{"key":"B64","unstructured":"Disability2020"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.662639\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T04:53:25Z","timestamp":1698900805000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.662639\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.662639"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.662639","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]},"article-number":"662639"}}