{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T02:19:09Z","timestamp":1788833949261,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>This study aims to evaluate feasibility and effects of a newly developed mindfulness intervention tailored to specific needs of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>The phenomenon of impaired self-awareness of motor symptoms (ISAm) in PD might be reduced by increasing patients\u2019 mindfulness. A PD-specific mindfulness intervention has been developed and evaluated as a potential treatment option: IPSUM (\u201cInsight into Parkinson\u2019s Disease Symptoms by using Mindfulness\u201d).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>IPSUM\u2019s effectiveness is evaluated by comparing an intervention with a waitlist-control group. Applying a pre-post design, patients were assessed before, directly after and 8weeks after treatment. The primary outcome was the change in a quantitative ISAm score from baseline to post-assessment. Secondary outcome measures were PD-related affective changes and neuropsychological test performance. Feasibility was evaluated<jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>feedback forms.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>In total, 30 non-depressed and non-demented PD patients were included (intervention:<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=14, waitlist-control:<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=16). ISAm score did not change significantly, but the training group showed greater performance in sustained attention and language tasks over time. Additional changes included greater mindfulness as well as less sleeping problems and anxiety. Cognitive disturbances, apathy, and sleeping problems worsened only in the waitlist-control group. Patients\u2019 feedback regarding the training concept and material was excellent.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>Insight into Parkinson\u2019s Disease Symptoms by using Mindfulness has not been capable of reducing ISAm in PD patients but appears to be a feasible and effective concept to, among others, support mental health in the mid-term. It has to be noted though that the study was stopped beforehand because of the SARS CoV-2 pandemic. The lack of findings might therefore be caused by a lack of statistical power. The need for further research to better understand the mechanisms of ISAm and its connection to mindfulness in PD is highlighted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.763350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T19:09:46Z","timestamp":1638385786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Pilot Study of Mindfulness Training on the Self-Awareness of Motor Symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s Disease \u2013 A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Timo Marcel","family":"Buchwitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Greuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Thieken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenan","family":"Steidel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktoria","family":"Jakobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carsten","family":"Eggers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-016-0685-1","article-title":"The effects of a mindfulness-based lifestyle program for adults with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a mixed methods, wait list controlled randomised control study","volume":"16","author":"Advocat","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2009.10.011","article-title":"Impaired awareness of movement disorders in Parkinson's disease","volume":"72","author":"Amanzio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Cogn."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01544.x","article-title":"Anosognosia versus unilateral neglect. 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