{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:18:24Z","timestamp":1790857104207,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Fund of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Little is known about the effects and the extent that childhood adversity has on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A population-based, epidemiological study from the Wenchuan earthquake.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 5,195 Wenchuan Earthquake adolescent survivors aged 11\u201318 years from nine high schools in southwest China completed questionnaires that assessed their PTSD and depression symptoms due to childhood maltreatment, stressful life events, and childhood earthquake exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PTSD and depression prevalences were 7.1 and 32.4%. After controlling for age and gender, the multiple linear regressions revealed that stressful life events had the most significant direct effect on depression (\u03b2 = 0.491), followed by childhood emotional abuse (\u03b2 = 0.085), and earthquake exposure (\u03b2 = 0.077). Similarly, stressful life events (\u03b2 = 0.583) were found to have more significant direct effects on PSTD, followed by earthquake exposure (\u03b2 = 0.140); however, childhood emotional abuse was not found to have an effect. The structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that there were interactions between the three childhood adversities, with all three concurrently affecting both PTSD and depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings add weight to the supposition that psychological maltreatment, negative life events, and earthquake exposure contribute to PTSD and depression. In particular, the identification of subgroups that have a high prevalence of these childhood adversities could assist professionals to target populations that are at high risk of mental health problems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1050260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T01:50:47Z","timestamp":1670982647000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["PTSD and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents exposed to multiple stressors from natural disasters, stressful life events, and maltreatment: A dose-response effect"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanjie","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0039713","article-title":"Polyvictimization: Latent profiles and mental health outcomes in a clinical sample of adolescents.","volume":"6","author":"Adams","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol. Violence"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.0813","article-title":"Research, practice, and policy implications of adverse childhood events\u2013reply.","volume":"175","author":"Baldwin","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.06.004","article-title":"Childhood emotional abuse characteristics moderate associations with adult psychopathology and caregiving.","volume":"87","author":"Berzenski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-020-01178-9","article-title":"Mental health among children older than 10 years exposed to the Haiti 2010 earthquake: A critical review.","volume":"22","author":"Blanc","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.04.046","article-title":"Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety and other mental health problems following the 2010 earthquake in Haiti: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"273","author":"C\u00e9nat","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22007","article-title":"Psychopathology in the aftermath of the Haiti earthquake: A population-based study of posttraumatic stress disorder and major depression.","volume":"30","author":"Cerd\u00e1","year":"2013","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enggeo.2020.105733","article-title":"Hazard assessment of a catastrophic mine waste debris flow of Hou gully, Shimian, China.","volume":"275","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eng. Geol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2019.03.042","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and multidimensional perfectionism in young adults.","volume":"146","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pers. Individ. Differ."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2016.07.009","article-title":"Parental absence, child victimization, and psychological well-being in rural China.","volume":"59","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.09.021","article-title":"Psychological resilience and posttraumatic growth in adolescent survivors of earthquake: A 10-year cohort study.","volume":"155","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2011.06.007","article-title":"A rapid screening test for depression in junior high school children.","volume":"74","author":"Chung","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.11.010","article-title":"Childhood abuse in late-life depression.","volume":"147","author":"Comijs","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.85.2.186","article-title":"Depression and the response of others.","volume":"85","author":"Coyne","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838018757750","article-title":"Physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect and childhood behavior problems: A meta-analysis of studies in mainland China.","volume":"21","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.02.034","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression symptoms in street children survivors of the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, four years after.","volume":"67","author":"Derivois","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2018.10.039","article-title":"The severity, consequences and risk factors of child abuse in China\u2013An empirical Study of 5836 children in China\u2019s mid-western regions.","volume":"95","author":"Di","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child. Youth Serv. Rev."},{"key":"B17","author":"Dohrenwend","year":"1974","journal-title":"Stressful life events: Their nature and effects."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.02.019","article-title":"The prevalence of posttraumatic stress in adolescents eight years after the Wenchuan earthquake.","volume":"262","author":"Du","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B19","first-page":"591","article-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders.","volume":"21","author":"Edition","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. Psychiatric. Assoc."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1080\/13651500601017548","article-title":"Risk factors for the development of PTSD and depression among child and adolescent victims following a 7.4 magnitude earthquake.","volume":"11","author":"Ek\u015fi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychiatry Clin. Pract."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2008.10.002","article-title":"Cognitive vulnerabilities to the development of PTSD: A review of four vulnerabilities and the proposal of an integrative vulnerability model.","volume":"29","author":"Elwood","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-006-9090-3","article-title":"Stress sensitization and adolescent depressive severity as a function of childhood adversity: A link to anxiety disorders.","volume":"35","author":"Espejo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Child Psychol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176C","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.14.140970","article-title":"The burden of child maltreatment in China: A systematic review.","volume":"93","author":"Fang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.09.006","article-title":"The effects of adult depression on the recollection of adverse childhood experiences.","volume":"86","author":"Frampton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.104082","article-title":"The association between five forms of child maltreatment and depressive and anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"96","author":"Gardner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12m07872","article-title":"Sleep problems among adolescent survivors following the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China: A cohort study.","volume":"74","author":"Geng","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00342-3","article-title":"Emotional abuse and neglect (psychological maltreatment): A conceptual framework.","volume":"26","author":"Glaser","year":"2002","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.08.074","article-title":"Prevalence of stressful life events and their association with post-traumatic stress disorder among youth attending secondary school in Haiti.","volume":"269","author":"Grelotti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113264","article-title":"Adolescent psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown.","volume":"291","author":"Guessoum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143938","article-title":"Stress and depression.","volume":"1","author":"Hammen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291708002857","article-title":"Early childhood adversity and adolescent depression: The mediating role of continued stress.","volume":"38","author":"Hazel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMhpr051833","article-title":"The effect of China\u2019s one-child family policy after 25 years","volume":"353","author":"Hesketh","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med"},{"key":"B33","author":"Holmes","year":"1973","journal-title":"Life change and illness susceptibility."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-010-0255-6","article-title":"Delayed-onset PTSD among war veterans: The role of life events throughout the life cycle.","volume":"46","author":"Horesh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2021.106012","article-title":"The mediating role of daytime sleepiness between problematic smartphone use and post-traumatic symptoms in COVID-19 home-refined adolescents.","volume":"126","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child. Youth Serv. Rev."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838015585317","article-title":"Mental health consequences of childhood physical abuse in Chinese populations: A meta-analysis.","volume":"17","author":"Ip","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-021-02515-8","article-title":"Relationship between post-traumatic disorder and posttraumatic growth in COVID-19 home-confined adolescents: The moderating role of self-efficacy","author":"Jian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Psychol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.03.014","article-title":"Trans-local ties, local ties and psychological well-being among rural-to-urban migrants in Shanghai.","volume":"75","author":"Jin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.09.017","article-title":"The relationship between PTSD, depression and negative life events: Ya\u2019an earthquake three years later.","volume":"259","author":"Jin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.03.005","article-title":"Modeling life course pathways from adverse childhood experiences to adult mental health.","volume":"80","author":"Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.04.003","article-title":"Risk factors predicting posttraumatic stress reactions in adolescents after 2011 Van earthquake.","volume":"54","author":"Kadak","year":"2013","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2017.1353383","article-title":"Trauma and PTSD in the WHO world mental health surveys.","author":"Kessler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Psychotraumatol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1995.03950240066012","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National comorbidity survey.","volume":"52","author":"Kessler","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21848","article-title":"National estimates of exposure to traumatic events and PTSD prevalence using DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria.","volume":"26","author":"Kilpatrick","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Trauma. Stress"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559519856102","article-title":"Post-traumatic growth, dissociation, and sexual revictimization in female childhood sexual abuse survivors.","volume":"25","author":"Lahav","year":"2020","journal-title":"Child Maltreat."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2012.06.007","article-title":"Validation of the Chinese version of the children\u2019s revised impact of event scale (CRIES) among Chinese adolescents in the aftermath of the Sichuan Earthquake in 20.","volume":"54","author":"Lau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1089\/104454602760219153","article-title":"Screening for adolescent depression: Comparison of the Kutcher adolescent depression scale with the beck depression inventory.","volume":"12","author":"LeBlanc","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.09.002","article-title":"Effects of childhood trauma on personality in a sample of Chinese adolescents.","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s11803-016-0334-0","article-title":"Site amplification effects as an explanation for the intensity anomaly in the Hanyuan town during the Wenchuan M w 7.9 earthquake.","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.09.009","article-title":"Parental harsh discipline and adolescent problem behavior in China: Perceived normativeness as a moderator.","volume":"86","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.01.016","article-title":"Life events, psychopathology, and suicidal behavior in Chinese adolescents.","volume":"86","author":"Liu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"B52","first-page":"34","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the adolescents self-rating life events checklist.","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chin. J. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/23.8.1e","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of sleep problems in Chinese schoolchildren.","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709992121","article-title":"Childhood adversity, adult stressful life events, and risk of past-year psychiatric disorder: A test of the stress sensitization hypothesis in a population-based sample of adults.","volume":"40","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.116.197640","article-title":"Childhood adversities and post-traumatic stress disorder: Evidence for stress sensitisation in the world mental health surveys.","volume":"211","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1521\/psyc.65.3.240.20169","article-title":"60,000 disaster victims speak: Part II. Summary and implications of the disaster mental health research.","volume":"65","author":"Norris","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychiatry"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465805002419","article-title":"The children\u2019s revised impact of event scale (CRIES): Validity as a screening instrument for PTSD.","volume":"33","author":"Perrin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav. Cogn. Psychother."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2015.1005078","article-title":"Negative life events and symptoms of depression and anxiety: Stress causation and\/or stress generation.","volume":"28","author":"Phillips","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anxiety Stress Coping"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.07.017","article-title":"When social support is not enough: Trauma and PTSD symptoms in a risk-sample of adolescents.","volume":"72","author":"Pinto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2016.12.012","article-title":"Childhood adversity and adult depression: The protective role of psychological resilience.","volume":"64","author":"Poole","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-013-9818-y","article-title":"Effects of parental warmth and academic pressure on anxiety and depression symptoms in Chinese adolescents.","volume":"24","author":"Quach","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Child Fam. Stud."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.3.530","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions among children and adolescents after the 1999 earthquake in Ano Liosia, Greece.","volume":"162","author":"Roussos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.07.022","article-title":"How is childhood emotional abuse related to major depression in adulthood? The role of personality and emotion acceptance.","volume":"72","author":"Schulz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22011","article-title":"Stressful life events and depression symptoms: The effect of childhood emotional abuse on stress reactivity.","volume":"70","author":"Shapero","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1515\/ijamh-2013-0031","article-title":"Confucian virtues and Chinese adolescent development: A conceptual review.","volume":"25","author":"Shek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Adolesc. Med. Health"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711002765","article-title":"Stress sensitization following a disaster: A prospective study.","volume":"42","author":"Smid","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"B67","author":"Stroud","year":"2020","journal-title":"The stress sensitization model."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2008.06.006","article-title":"Cumulative effect of multiple trauma on symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression in adolescents.","volume":"50","author":"Suliman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.12.005","article-title":"Psychological distress and risk for suicidal behavior among university students in contemporary China.","volume":"228","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0575-x","article-title":"The interplay of stressful life events and coping skills on risk for suicidal behavior among youth students in contemporary China: A large scale cross-sectional study.","volume":"15","author":"Tang","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2020.109881","article-title":"The mediating role of alexithymia between earthquake exposure and psychopathology among adolescents 8.5 years after the wenchuan earthquake.","volume":"159","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pers. Individ. Differ."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.09.004","article-title":"Mental health problems among children and adolescents experiencing two major earthquakes in remote mountainous regions: A longitudinal study.","volume":"72","author":"Tang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.02.081","article-title":"Suicidality, posttraumatic stress, and depressive reactions after earthquake and maltreatment: A cross-sectional survey of a random sample of 6132 Chinese children and adolescents.","volume":"232","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559517751670","article-title":"The combination of sibling victimization and parental child maltreatment on mental health problems and delinquency.","volume":"23","author":"Van Berkel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Maltreat."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2017.1380470","article-title":"New perspective on PTSD symptoms after traumatic vs stressful life events and the role of gender.","volume":"8","author":"Van Den Berg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Psychotraumatol."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1080\/10615800902855781","article-title":"Coping with displacement from Hurricane Katrina: Predictors of one-year post-traumatic stress and depression symptom trajectories.","volume":"22","author":"Wadsworth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anxiety Stress Coping"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2019.104457","article-title":"Child abuse in ethnic regions: Evidence from 2899 girls in Southwest China.","volume":"105","author":"Wan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child. Youth Serv. Rev."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2022.08.037","article-title":"Mitigating immediate and lagged effects of customer mistreatment on service failure and sabotage: Critical roles of service recovery behaviors.","volume":"154","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-013-0400-3","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder and depressive symptoms among child survivors 1 year following the Wenchuan earthquake in China.","volume":"22","author":"Ying","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/jcap.12102","article-title":"Stressful life events, worry, and rumination predict depressive and anxiety symptoms in young adolescents.","volume":"28","author":"Young","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatr. Nurs."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2010.06.009","article-title":"Mental health and coping styles of children and adolescent survivors one year after the 2008 Chinese earthquake.","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child. Youth Serv. Rev."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2331186X.2014.1000477","article-title":"Academic stress in Chinese schools and a proposed preventive intervention program.","volume":"2","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cogent Educ."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029404","article-title":"Life events, coping, and posttraumatic stress symptoms among Chinese adolescents exposed to 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, China.","volume":"7","author":"Zheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1050260\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T01:50:55Z","timestamp":1670982655000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1050260\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]]},"references-count":83,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1050260"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1050260","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]]},"article-number":"1050260"}}