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Participants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 193, 53% female, <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic> age = 19.4 years, 62.1% White) reported on emotion regulation, friendship, and conflict nominations at two time points. Stochastic actor-oriented models revealed that similarity in endorsement of adaptive ER strategies predicted maintenance of friendship and conflict relationships over time. However, new conflict relationships were more likely to form between those who differed in use of adaptive ER. Finally, more frequent use of maladaptive ER strategies was related to termination of existing conflict ties and the creation of new ones. Deploying social network analysis as a methodology for examining social relationships enables the unpacking the dynamics of multiple social relationships (friend and conflict), identifying the role of ER for structuring of social relationships among group members. Although cognitive ER is an intra-individual process, it fundamentally occurs within a social environment and our results advance the knowledge of how ER contributes to how this social environment is created in a first place.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.802629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T11:16:44Z","timestamp":1650885404000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation for Making and Keeping Friend and Conflict Networks"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Courtney","family":"Ricciardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Kornienko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela W.","family":"Garner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"429","article-title":"The nonconscious regulation of emotion","author":"Bargh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Handbook of Emotion Regulation"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1006\/jrpe.1999.2271","article-title":"Affect and personality as predictors of conflict and closeness in young adults\u2019 friendships.","volume":"34","author":"Berry","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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