{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T22:37:36Z","timestamp":1783636656709,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]],"date-time":"2023-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82001437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82001437"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171518"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171518"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Family functioning has been found to significantly impact each family member\u2019s health mentally, physically, and socially. A number of the research has focused on the impact of impaired family functioning in general, but limited studies explore family functioning in the vulnerable period, early pregnancy. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the characteristics and related factors in Chinese females and partners during early pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cross-sectional study enrolled 226 pregnant women and 166 partners. Assessment tools included the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item, Social Support Rating Scale, and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire, Short Form. Correlation analysis was applied to investigate the related factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, FAD-Behavior Control (BC) was the only dysfunctional dimension and had the highest dysfunctional rates than other dimensions. Length of time living with a partner, depressive and anxious symptoms, and quality of life were all associated with the dysfunctional family functioning of BC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study reinforced the important clues of family functioning during early pregnancy. Also, it provided new entry points for the general population and healthcare providers to minimize the negative impact that impaired family function might bring to a family.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1102796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]],"date-time":"2023-02-15T06:45:48Z","timestamp":1676443548000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Characteristics and related factors of family functioning in Chinese families during early pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueqing","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumeng","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingjiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HaoLun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bangshan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2005.05.002","article-title":"Family functioning, perceived control, and anxiety: a mediational model","volume":"20","author":"Ballash","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Anxiety Disord."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.12.010","article-title":"Association between history of suicide attempts and family functioning in bipolar disorder","volume":"192","author":"Berutti","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.2298\/MPNS0404144B","article-title":"Pregnancy as a psychological event","volume":"57","author":"Bjelica","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med. Pregl."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-0606.1983.tb01497.x","article-title":"THE McMASTER FAMILY ASSESSMENT DEVICE*","volume":"9","author":"Epstein","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Marital. Fam. Ther."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6712.2007.00585.x","article-title":"A change in life as experienced by first-time fathers","volume":"22","author":"F\u00e4gerski\u00f6ld","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scand. J. Caring Sci."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.147.9.1128","article-title":"Family functioning and major depression: an overview","volume":"147","author":"Gabor","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Pychiatry"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp3303_2","article-title":"Exposure to community violence and violence perpetration: the protective effects of family functioning","volume":"33","author":"Gorman-Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1080\/14427591.2005.9686561","article-title":"Becoming a mother: occupational change in first time motherhood","volume":"12","author":"Horne","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Occup. Sci."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03155-9","article-title":"Family function fully mediates the relationship between social support and perinatal depression in rural Southwest China","volume":"21","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"321","article-title":"Quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction questionnaire: a new measure","volume":"29","author":"Jean","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol. Bull."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12012","article-title":"Prenatal family adversity and maternal mental health and vulnerability to peer victimisation at school: prenatal family stressors and vulnerability to peer victimisation","volume":"54","author":"Lereya","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511615788","volume-title":"Resilience and Vulnerability: Adaptation in the Context of Childhood Adversities 1st Edn.","author":"Luthar","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-0606.1985.tb00028.x","article-title":"THE McMASTER FAMILY ASSESSMENT DEVICE: RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY*","volume":"11","author":"Miller","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Marital. Fam. Ther."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-6427.00145","article-title":"The McMaster approach to families: theory, assessment, treatment and research","volume":"22","author":"Miller","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Fam. Ther."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1086\/208744","article-title":"A modernized family life cycle","volume":"6","author":"Murphy","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Consum. Res."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e158","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2022.549","article-title":"Differences in associations between family functioning and anxious and depressive symptoms in Chinese women and their partners in early pregnancy","volume":"8","author":"Qin","year":"2022","journal-title":"BJPsych Open"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1545-5300.1999.00497.x","article-title":"Factor analyses of the family assessment device","volume":"38","author":"Ridenour","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fam. Process"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1177\/1049731502012004003","article-title":"Assessment of family functioning in Chinese adolescents: the Chinese version of the family Assessment device","volume":"12","author":"Shek","year":"","journal-title":"Res. Soc. Work. Pract."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1080\/00221320209598698","article-title":"Family functioning and psychological well-being, school adjustment, and problem behavior in Chinese adolescents with and without economic disadvantage","volume":"163","author":"Shek","year":"","journal-title":"J. Genet. Psychol."},{"key":"ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1007\/s007870170023","article-title":"Family functioning in adolescents at high and low risk for major depressive disorder","volume":"10","author":"Tamplin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.20.4.701","article-title":"Family functioning in bipolar I disorder","volume":"20","author":"Uebelacker","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Fam. Psychol."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764012445260","article-title":"Family functioning in depressed and non-clinical control families","volume":"59","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1545-5300.2008.00237.x","article-title":"Testing the biobehavioral family model in pediatric asthma: pathways of effect","volume":"47","author":"Wood","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fam. Process"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.2862","article-title":"Association of poor family functioning from pregnancy onward with preadolescent behavior and subcortical brain development","volume":"78","author":"Xerxa","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiat."},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"98","article-title":"The theoretical basis and research application of social support rating scale","volume":"4","author":"Xiao","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3138\/jcfs.45.1.31","article-title":"The changes in mainland Chinese families during the social transition: a critical analysis","volume":"45","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Comp. Fam. Stud."},{"key":"ref26","author":"Yang","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1102796\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]],"date-time":"2023-02-15T06:45:55Z","timestamp":1676443555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1102796\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1102796"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1102796","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]]},"article-number":"1102796"}}