{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T04:09:22Z","timestamp":1784779762988,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant RTI2018-098730-B-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant RTI2018-098730-B-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study investigated how new words with acquired connotations of disgust and sadness, both negatively valenced but distinctive emotions, modulate the brain dynamics in the context of emotional sentences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants completed a learning session in which pseudowords were repeatedly paired with faces expressing disgust and sadness. An event-related potential (ERP) session followed the next day, in which participants received the learned pseudowords (herein, new words) combined with sentences and were asked to make emotional congruency judgment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sad new words elicited larger negative waveform than disgusting new words in the 146\u2013228\u2009ms time window, and emotionally congruent trials showed larger positive waveform than emotionally incongruent trials in the 304\u2013462\u2009ms time window. Moreover, the source localization in the latter suggested that congruent trials elicited larger current densities than incongruent trials in a number of emotion-related brain structures (e.g., the orbitofrontal cortex and cingulate gyrus) and language-related brain structures (e.g., the temporal lobe and the lingual gyrus).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggested that faces are an effective source for the acquisition of words\u2019 emotional connotations, and such acquired connotations can generate semantic and emotional congruency effects in sentential contexts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1154442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T06:13:05Z","timestamp":1683871985000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["ERP evidence for emotion-specific congruency effects between sentences and new words with disgust and sadness connotations"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Beixian","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Beltr\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"de Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00430","article-title":"Stimulating the brain\u2019s language network: syntactic ambiguity resolution after TMS to the inferior frontal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus","volume":"25","author":"Acheson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(02)00301-X","article-title":"Neural systems for recognizing emotion","volume":"12","author":"Adolphs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PSCYCHRESNS.2009.04.015","article-title":"Abnormally increased effective connectivity between parahippocampal gyrus and ventromedial prefrontal regions during emotion labeling in bipolar disorder","volume":"174","author":"Almeida","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1080\/02687030701294491","article-title":"Lexical retrieval and semantic knowledge in patients with left inferior temporal lobe lesions","volume":"22","author":"Antonucci","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aphasiology"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1080\/01690965.2010.542671","article-title":"The balance between memory and unification in semantics: a dynamic account of the N400","volume":"26","author":"Baggio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lang. Cogn. Process."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TICS.2007.06.003","article-title":"Language as context for the perception of emotion","volume":"11","author":"Barrett","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsx075","article-title":"The impact of personal relevance on emotion processing: evidence from event-related potentials and pupillary responses","volume":"12","author":"Bayer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-3462-0_5","article-title":"Visual evoked potentials and affective ratings of semantic stimuli","author":"Begleiter","year":"1979","journal-title":"Evoked Brain Potentials Behav."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1080\/87565640701190841","article-title":"Superior temporal gyrus, language function, and autism","volume":"31","author":"Bigler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev. Neuropsychol."},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"242","article-title":"Measuring emotion: behavior, feeling, and physiology","volume-title":"Cognitive neuroscience of emotion","author":"Bradley","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23743","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0023743","article-title":"Discrete emotion effects on lexical decision response times","volume":"6","author":"Briesemeister","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.03.045","article-title":"Emotion word recognition: discrete information effects first, continuous later?","volume":"1564","author":"Briesemeister","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1038\/80586","article-title":"Impaired recognition and experience of disgust following brain injury","volume":"3","author":"Calder","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-019-1417-0","article-title":"Fear and disgust: case report of two uncommon emotional disturbances evoked by visual disperceptions after a right temporal-insular stroke","volume":"19","author":"Cantone","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1995.tb02956.x","article-title":"The N400 as a function of the level of processing","volume":"32","author":"Chwilla","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-013-0159-5","article-title":"Friendly drug-dealers and terrifying puppies: affective primacy can attenuate the N400 effect in emotional discourse contexts","volume":"13","author":"Delaney-Busch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1080\/02699939208411068","article-title":"An argument for basic emotions","volume":"6","author":"Ekman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cognit. Emot."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2017.1356700","article-title":"Be aware of the rifle but do not forget the stench: differential effects of fear and disgust on lexical processing and memory","volume":"32","author":"Ferr\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cognit. Emot."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-8986.2003.00131.x","article-title":"Respiratory sinus arrhythmia as an index of emotional response in young adults","volume":"41","author":"Frazier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2012.12.001","article-title":"Acquired affective associations induce emotion effects in word recognition: an ERP study","volume":"124","author":"Fritsch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Lang."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-3026.69352\/BIB","article-title":"Functional mapping of language networks in the normal brain using a word-association task","volume":"20","author":"Ghosh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J. Radiol. Imag."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-9-45","article-title":"OpenMEEG: Opensource software for quasistatic bioelectromagnetics","volume":"9","author":"Gramfort","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomed. Eng. Online"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"281","article-title":"Emotion regulation: Affective, cognitive, and social consequences","volume-title":"J. Psychophysiol.","author":"Gross","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.106.1.95","article-title":"Hiding feelings: the acute effects of inhibiting negative and positive emotion","volume":"106","author":"Gross","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2478\/psicolj-2021-0004","article-title":"Learning new words\u2019 emotional meanings in the contexts of faces and sentences","volume":"42","author":"Gu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psicol\u00f3gica"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/23273798.2022.2099914","article-title":"ERP signatures of pseudowords\u2019 acquired emotional connotations of disgust and sadness","author":"Gu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Language, Cognition Neurosci."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TICS.2005.07.004","article-title":"On Broca, brain, and binding: a new framework","volume":"9","author":"Hagoort","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-071013-013847","article-title":"The neurobiology of language beyond single words","volume":"37","author":"Hagoort","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUBIOREV.2015.06.002","article-title":"N170 sensitivity to facial expression: a meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Hinojosa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"813","article-title":"Affective neurolinguistics: towards a framework for reconciling language and emotion","volume-title":"Lang. Cogn. Neurosci.","author":"Hinojosa","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3758\/9.4.389","article-title":"Affective processing within 1\/10th of a second: high arousal is necessary for early facilitative processing of negative but not positive words","volume":"9","author":"Hofmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"1","article-title":"The role of lateral orbitofrontal cortex in the inhibitory control of emotion","volume-title":"The orbitofrontal cortex","author":"Hooker","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.02.044","article-title":"Concreteness in emotional words: ERP evidence from a hemifield study","volume":"1148","author":"Kanske","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref34","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19434","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3355-13.2013","article-title":"Internal and external influences on the rate of sensory evidence accumulation in the human brain","volume":"33","author":"Kelly","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1017\/S0048577201990559","article-title":"On the utility of P3 amplitude as a measure of processing capacity","volume":"38","author":"Kok","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2007.00550.x","article-title":"Cardiovascular, electrodermal, and respiratory response patterns to fear- and sadness-inducing films","volume":"44","author":"Kreibig","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10502","article-title":"An attention modulated response to disgust in human ventral anterior insula","volume":"53","author":"Krolak-Salmon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1037\/1196-1961.51.4.336","article-title":"An exploratory study of musical emotions and psychophysiology","volume":"51","author":"Krumhansl","year":"1997","journal-title":"Can. J. Exp. Psychol."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.07.059","article-title":"Evaluative conditioning of positive and negative valence affects P1 and N1 in verbal processing","volume":"1624","author":"Kuchinke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.20.1.47","article-title":"Age differences in emotional reactivity: the sample case of sadness","volume":"20","author":"Kunzmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychol. Aging"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.093008.131123","article-title":"Thirty years and counting: finding meaning in the N400 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP)","volume":"62","author":"Kutas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Psychol."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1162\/JOCN_A_00798","article-title":"Feel between the lines: implied emotion in sentence comprehension","volume":"27","author":"Lai","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-2851-4","volume-title":"Independent component analysis","author":"Lee","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.09.014","article-title":"Contextual odors modulate the visual processing of emotional facial expressions: an ERP study","volume":"77","author":"Leleu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024244","article-title":"Discrete emotions predict changes in cognition, judgment, experience, behavior, and physiology: a meta-analysis of experimental emotion elicitations","volume":"137","author":"Lench","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1037\/A0019983","article-title":"Discourse-based emotional consistency modulates early and middle components of event-related potentials","volume":"10","author":"Le\u00f3n","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1002\/wcs.39","article-title":"Language acquisition and language change","volume":"1","author":"Lightfoot","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1044\/2021_JSLHR-20-00553","article-title":"Gender differences in identifying facial, prosodic, and semantic emotions show category-and channel-specific effects mediated by encoder\u2019s gender","volume":"64","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res."},{"key":"ref50","volume-title":"The Karolinska directed emotional faces\u2014KDEF","author":"Lundqvist","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2007.03.024","article-title":"Nonparametric statistical testing of EEG- and MEG-data","volume":"164","author":"Maris","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2016.04.009","article-title":"Timing of emotion representation in right and left occipital region: evidence from combined TMS-EEG","volume":"106","author":"Mattavelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Cogn."},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1229","article-title":"Differential effects of word length and visual contrast in the fusiform and lingual gyri during reading","volume":"267","author":"Mechelh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2016.06.019","article-title":"Sentence processing in anterior superior temporal cortex shows a social-emotional bias","volume":"89","author":"Mellem","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUBIOREV.2015.05.009","article-title":"Emotion recognition in temporal lobe epilepsy: a systematic review","volume":"55","author":"Monti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nst066","article-title":"Setbacks, pleasant surprises and the simply unexpected: brainwave responses in a language comprehension task","volume":"9","author":"Moreno","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2011.07.003","article-title":"Will the glass be half full or half empty? Brain potentials and emotional expectations","volume":"88","author":"Moreno","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Psychol."},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"417","article-title":"The center of sadness, pain, and recognition","volume-title":"Brain Nerve","author":"Niida","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1038\/372260a0","article-title":"Word recognition in the human inferior temporal lobe","volume":"372","author":"Nobre","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/10.1.93","article-title":"Functional dissociation between medial and lateral prefrontal cortical spatiotemporal activation in negative and positive emotions: a combined fMRI\/MEG study","volume":"10","author":"Northoff","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3248","article-title":"A supramodal accumulation-to-bound signal that determines perceptual decisions in humans","volume":"15","author":"O\u2019Connell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"5","article-title":"Standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA): technical details","volume":"24","author":"Pascual-Marqui","year":"2002","journal-title":"Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/39051","article-title":"A specific neural substrate for perceiving facial expressions of disgust","volume":"389","author":"Phillips","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref64","first-page":"2128","article-title":"Updating P300: an integrative theory of P3a and P3b","volume-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol.","author":"Polich","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(08)70177-1","article-title":"Perception of facial expressions and voices and of their combination in the human brain","volume":"41","author":"Pourtois","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TICS.2013.06.004","article-title":"How neurons make meaning: brain mechanisms for embodied and abstract-symbolic semantics","volume":"17","author":"Pulverm\u00fcller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.08.030","article-title":"Neural response to specific components of fearful faces in healthy and schizophrenic adults","volume":"49","author":"Radua","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8566","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26317-4","article-title":"Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex controls sadness-induced modulations of cognitive and emotional network hubs","volume":"8","author":"Ramirez-Mahaluf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"050826083451001","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2005.00312.x","article-title":"Airways, respiration, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia during picture viewing","author":"Ritz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"fcaa196","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaa196","article-title":"The orbitofrontal cortex: reward, emotion and depression. Brain","volume":"2","author":"Rolls","year":"2020","journal-title":"Communications"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TICS.2012.01.005","article-title":"Ventromedial prefrontal-subcortical systems and the generation of affective meaning","volume":"16","author":"Roy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref72","first-page":"367","article-title":"The domains of disgust and their origins: Contrasting biological and cultural evolutionary accounts","volume-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci.","author":"Rozin","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsw144","article-title":"When opposites lead to the same: a direct comparison of explicit and implicit disgust regulation via fMRI","volume":"12","author":"Schienle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BIOPSYCHO.2008.03.010","article-title":"Early emotion word processing: evidence from event-related potentials","volume":"80","author":"Scott","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Psychol."},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2003.09.010","article-title":"Measuring word recognition in reading: eye movements and event-related potentials","volume":"7","author":"Sereno","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199807130-00009","article-title":"Establishing a time-line of word recognition: evidence from eye movements and event-related potentials","volume":"9","author":"Sereno","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1080\/02643298608252030","article-title":"Lexical processing in the absence of explicit word identification: evidence from a letter-by-letter reader","volume":"3","author":"Shallice","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cogn. Neuropsychol."},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20294","article-title":"Retrieving meaning after temporal lobe infarction: the role of the basal language area","volume":"56","author":"Sharp","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/J.COGNITION.2012.07.013","article-title":"Emotions in reading: disgust, empathy and the contextual learning hypothesis","volume":"125","author":"Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199207000-00005","article-title":"Cardiovascular differentiation of emotions","volume":"54","author":"Sinha","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-89676-2_23","article-title":"The nature and measurement of anger","volume-title":"International handbook of anger","author":"Spielberger","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1027\/0269-8803.19.1.50","article-title":"Psychophysiological correlates of disgust and disgust sensitivity","volume":"19","author":"Stark","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Psychophysiol."},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1080\/13825585.2012.692761","article-title":"Cognitive aging explains age-related differences in face-based recognition of basic emotions except for anger and disgust","volume":"20","author":"Suzuki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aging Neuropsychol. Cognit."},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1080\/23273798.2017.1401101","article-title":"The N400 as an index of lexical preactivation and its implications for prediction in language comprehension","volume":"33","author":"Szewczyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Language, Cognition Neurosci."},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2006.10.002","article-title":"Event-related potentials during an emotional Stroop task","volume":"63","author":"Thomas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychophysiol."},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2248","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2248","article-title":"Differential effects of gender on mismatch negativity to violations of simple and pattern acoustic regularities","volume":"11","author":"Toufan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy164","article-title":"Left temporal lobe language network connectivity in temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"141","author":"Trimmel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12936","article-title":"The classic P300 encodes a build-to-threshold decision variable","volume":"42","author":"Twomey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2019.00081","article-title":"Erroneously disgusted: fMRI study supports disgust-related neural reuse in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)","volume":"13","author":"Viol","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-0277(00)00063-9","article-title":"Syntactic structure assembly in human parsing: a computational model based on competitive inhibition and a lexicalist grammar","volume":"75","author":"Vosse","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-012-0146-2","article-title":"ERP evidence on the interaction between information structure and emotional salience of words","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUROIMAGE.2009.10.006","article-title":"The neural temporal dynamics of the intensity of emotional experience","volume":"49","author":"Waugh","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1093\/SCAN\/NSU011","article-title":"The role of the medial frontal cortex in the maintenance of emotional states","volume":"9","author":"Waugh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2017.08.005","article-title":"Rostral anterior cingulate cortex morphology predicts treatment response to internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for depression","volume":"3","author":"Webb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry: Cognitive Neurosci. Neuroimag."},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00679-2","article-title":"Both of us disgusted in my insula: the common neural basis of seeing and feeling disgust","volume":"40","author":"Wicker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200410250-00009","article-title":"Disgust and the insula: fMRI responses to pictures of mutilation and contamination","volume":"15","author":"Wright","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1002\/HBM.20105","article-title":"Differential activity in left inferior frontal gyrus for pseudowords and real words: an event-related fMRI study on auditory lexical decision","volume":"25","author":"Xiao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.05.013","article-title":"Gender differences in pre-attentive change detection for visual but not auditory stimuli","volume":"127","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nst188","article-title":"Three stages of emotional word processing: an ERP study with rapid serial visual presentation","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-016-0473-9","article-title":"Mechanisms for attentional modulation by threatening emotions of fear, anger, and disgust","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00242","article-title":"Emotion regulation of hippocampus using real-time fMRI neurofeedback in healthy human","volume":"13","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1154442\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T06:13:17Z","timestamp":1683871997000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1154442\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]]},"references-count":101,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1154442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1154442","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]]},"article-number":"1154442"}}