{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T13:10:33Z","timestamp":1785762633169,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Studies have indicated that the media plays a role in the development of body dissatisfaction in children. Nevertheless, there is limited understanding of the protective factors that may reduce this association, such as the parent\u2013child relationship. Therefore, this study investigates children\u2019s body dissatisfaction and self-esteem and the role of media pressure and a trust in parent\u2013child relationships herein. A sample of <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009246 participants (59.8% girls, aged 8\u201310) was recruited. Children completed self-report questionnaires that assessed body dissatisfaction, self-esteem, media pressure, and trust in parent\u2013child relationships. Results revealed that higher scores on media pressure were linked to increased body dissatisfaction and decreased self-esteem. On the other hand, higher scores on trust in mother and father were associated with lower levels of body dissatisfaction and higher levels of self-esteem. However, the presence of trust in parent\u2013child relationships did not attenuate the impact of media pressure on body dissatisfaction or self-esteem. Further investigation is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of how sociocultural and interpersonal factors interact and contribute to the development of body image problems. While current prevention and intervention programs predominantly focus on the individual, it may be beneficial to place greater emphasis on the family environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1228860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T04:33:21Z","timestamp":1704256401000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Body dissatisfaction and low self-esteem in elementary school-aged children: the role of media pressure and trust in parent\u2013child relationships"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jolien","family":"De Coen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Verbeken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lien","family":"Goossens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1080\/08870440802192268","article-title":"Watching your weight? The relations between watching soaps and music television and body dissatisfaction and restrained eating in young girls","volume":"24","author":"Anschutz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychol. Health"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.50.1.40","article-title":"Parental attachment, self-esteem, and antisocial behaviors among African American, European American, and Mexican American adolescents","volume":"50","author":"Arbona","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Couns. Psychol."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1902-171","article-title":"The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the body esteem scale forAdolescents and adults (BESAA) for children","volume":"50","author":"Arslan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Turkish J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-313","article-title":"Body satisfaction and body weight: gender differences and sociodemographic determinants","volume":"9","author":"Austin","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000724","article-title":"Body dissatisfaction in adolescent boys","volume":"55","author":"Baker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-005-9010-9","article-title":"The skinny on body dissatisfaction: a longitudinal study of adolescent girls and boys","volume":"35","author":"Bearman","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1007\/s10566-022-09705-w","article-title":"Assessing body esteem in adolescents: psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the body esteem scale (BESAA-S)","volume":"52","author":"Beltr\u00e1n-Garrayo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Child Youth Care Forum"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cad.20100","article-title":"Attachment in middle childhood: Progress and prospects","volume":"2015","author":"Bosmans","year":"2015","journal-title":"New Dir. Child Adolesc. Dev."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0225934","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225934","article-title":"Trust development as an expectancy-learning process: testing contingency effects","volume":"14","author":"Bosmans","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Attachment and loss: volume II: separation, anxiety and anger","volume-title":"Attachment and loss: Volume II: Separation, anxiety and anger","author":"Bowlby","year":"1973"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1080\/03004430903414661","article-title":"Fathers in attachment theory and research: a review","volume":"180","author":"Bretherton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Early Child Dev. Care"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2012.09.001","article-title":"Body dissatisfaction from adolescence to young adulthood: findings from a 10-year longitudinal study","volume":"10","author":"Bucchianeri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref18","volume-title":"Body image: A handbook of science, practice, and prevention","author":"Cash","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015067","article-title":"Parental bonds, anxious attachment, media internalization, and body image dissatisfaction: exploring a mediation model","volume":"56","author":"Cheng","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Couns. Psychol."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.3390\/children8111009","article-title":"Gender and cultural differences in the relationships between self-esteem contingency, body talk, and body esteem","volume":"8","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"153","article-title":"Body esteem scale: a validation on Italian adolescents","volume":"15","author":"Confalonieri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychometrics Methodol. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref24","volume-title":"People in my life: Attachment relationships in middle childhood","author":"Cook","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2021.03.001","article-title":"Media influence components as predictors of children\u2019s body image and eating problems: a longitudinal study of boys and girls during middle childhood","volume":"37","author":"De Coen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-018-0956-9","article-title":"Social media and body dissatisfaction: investigating the attenuating role of positive parent\u2013adolescent relationships","volume":"48","author":"De Vries","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.12.045","article-title":"Correlates of body dissatisfaction in children","volume":"171","author":"Dion","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.42.2.283","article-title":"Does Barbie make girls want to be thin? The effect of experimental exposure to images of dolls on the body image of 5-to 8-year-old girls","volume":"42","author":"Dittmar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2012.10.001","article-title":"Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating attitudes in 7-to 11-year-old girls: testing a sociocultural model","volume":"10","author":"Evans","year":"2013","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chbr.2021.100121","article-title":"The relationship between Instagram use and indicators of mental health: a systematic review","volume":"4","author":"Faelens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav. Rep."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22936","article-title":"The use of social media by Australian preadolescents and its links with mental health","volume":"76","author":"Fardouly","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2015.09.005","article-title":"Social media and body image concerns: current research and future directions","volume":"9","author":"Fardouly","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychol."},{"key":"ref36","volume-title":"Discovering statistics using SPSS","author":"Field","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2018.1499335","article-title":"Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating symptoms in Finnish preadolescents","volume":"27","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eat. Disord."},{"key":"ref9001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025409342634","article-title":"Methods and measures: The network of relationships inventory: Behavioral systems version","volume":"33","author":"Furman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Behav. Dev."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2012.660690","article-title":"The parent\u2013child relationship as predictor of eating pathology and weight gain in preadolescents","volume":"41","author":"Goossens","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1177\/10664807221104109","article-title":"The mother-daughter relationship and Daughter's positive body image: a systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Goslin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fam. J."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315681528","volume-title":"Body image: understanding body dissatisfaction in men, women and children","author":"Grogan","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2017.11.001","article-title":"The influence of maternal modeling on body image concerns and eating disturbances in preadolescent girls","volume":"100","author":"Handford","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2012.06.003","article-title":"Attachment, the tripartite influence model, and the development of body dissatisfaction","volume":"9","author":"Hardit","year":"2012","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22284","article-title":"Parents and prevention: a systematic review of interventions involving parents that aim to prevent body dissatisfaction or eating disorders","volume":"48","author":"Hart","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Eat. Disord."},{"key":"ref47","volume-title":"The construction of the self: A developmental perspective","author":"Harter","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref48","volume-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach","author":"Hayes","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.07.062","article-title":"Can children accurately report their own heights and weights, and why should we care?","volume":"157","author":"Himes","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref9002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2012.01.006","article-title":"Body image satisfaction among Norwegian adolescents and young adults: A longitudinal study of the influence of interpersonal relationships and BMI","volume":"9","author":"Holsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Body image"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22473","article-title":"Attachment and mentalization and their association with child and adolescent eating pathology: a systematic review","volume":"49","author":"Jewell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Eating Disord."},{"key":"ref51","volume-title":"Research design in clinical psychology","author":"Kazdin","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-019-01007-0","article-title":"Perceived quality of the mother\u2013adolescent and father\u2013adolescent attachment relationship and adolescents\u2019 self-esteem","volume":"48","author":"Keizer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"ref9003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2007.06.007","article-title":"Relationships amongst body dissatisfaction, internalisation of the media body ideal and perceived pressure from media in adolescent girls and boys","volume":"4","author":"Knauss","year":"2007","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2019.11.308","article-title":"Classifying pubertal development using child and parent report: comparing the pubertal development scales to tanner staging","volume":"66","author":"Koopman-Verhoeff","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2004.05.005","article-title":"Pathways to self-esteem in late adolescence: the role of parent and peer attachment, empathy, and social behaviours","volume":"27","author":"Laible","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Adolesc."},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtumed.2017.07.003","article-title":"Body image dissatisfaction and its determinants among young primary-school adolescents","volume":"13","author":"Latiff","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Taibah Univ. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-009-9500-2","article-title":"Body dissatisfaction among adolescent boys and girls: the effects of body mass, peer appearance culture and internalization of appearance ideals","volume":"40","author":"Lawler","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-008-9376-6","article-title":"Adolescents\u2019 response to parental efforts to influence eating habits: when parental warmth matters","volume":"39","author":"Lessard","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3390\/children5070098","article-title":"Resilience in children: developmental perspectives","volume":"5","author":"Masten","year":"2018","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appdev.2005.06.007","article-title":"A longitudinal study of body image and strategies to lose weight and increase muscles among children","volume":"26","author":"McCabe","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Appl. Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1080\/15267431.2018.1487443","article-title":"Managing positive and negative media effects among adolescents: parental mediation matters\u2014but not always","volume":"18","author":"Meeus","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Fam. Commun."},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327752JPA7601_6","article-title":"Body-esteem scale for adolescents and adults","volume":"76","author":"Mendelson","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Pers. Assess."},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"90","article-title":"Manual for the body-esteem scale for children","volume":"76","author":"Mendelson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Concordia Univ. Res. Bull."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12092","article-title":"Why puberty matters for psychopathology","volume":"8","author":"Mendle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Child Dev. Perspect."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-017-0654-3","article-title":"Assessing attachment to parents and peers in middle childhood: psychometric studies of the Portuguese version of the people in my life questionnaire","volume":"26","author":"Moreira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Child Fam. Stud."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9507.2007.00389.x","article-title":"The role of the family context in the development of emotion regulation","volume":"16","author":"Morris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soc. Dev."},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12460","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182312460","article-title":"Perceptions of the body and body dissatisfaction in primary education children according to gender and age. A cross-sectional study","volume":"18","author":"Navarro-Pat\u00f3n","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1590\/1984-0462\/;2017;35;3;00002","article-title":"Body image in childhood: an integrative literature review","volume":"35","author":"Neves","year":"2017","journal-title":"Revista Paulista de Pediatria"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s41155-020-00149-6","article-title":"Translation, adaptation and psychometric properties of SATAQ-4R for Brazilian children","volume":"33","author":"Neves","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psicologia"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2018.08.005","article-title":"Psychological predictors of body image attitudes and concerns in young children","volume":"27","author":"Nichols","year":"2018","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-384925-0.00021-3","article-title":"Body image and self-esteem","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of body image and human appearance","author":"O'Dea","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1098-108x(200007)28:1<78::aid-eat9>3.0.co;2-n","article-title":"The role of the mother-daughter relationship in explaining weight concern","volume":"28","author":"Ogden","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Eat. Disord."},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mhpa.2012.08.004","article-title":"Effects of physical activity, fitness and fatness on children's body image: the Australian LOOK longitudinal study","volume":"5","author":"Olive","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ment. Health Phys. Act."},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721414547414","article-title":"The development of self-esteem","volume":"23","author":"Orth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"ref76","first-page":"269","article-title":"Chapter eight - the development of body image and weight Bias in childhood","volume-title":"Advances in child development and behavior","author":"Paxton","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2016.1157758","article-title":"Body dissatisfaction and its correlates in 5-to 7-year-old girls: a social learning experiment","volume":"47","author":"Perez","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01537962","article-title":"A self-report measure of pubertal status: reliability, validity, and initial norms","volume":"17","author":"Petersen","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18030901","article-title":"The relationships among self-worth contingency on others\u2019 approval, appearance comparisons on Facebook, and adolescent girls\u2019 body esteem: a cross-cultural study","volume":"18","author":"Prieler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.130.2.179","article-title":"A biopsychosocial model of disordered eating and the pursuit of muscularity in adolescent boys","volume":"130","author":"Ricciardelli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-006-9070-5","article-title":"Structure and validity of people in my life: a self-report measure of attachment in late childhood","volume":"35","author":"Ridenour","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.03.002","article-title":"Incorporating social media and muscular ideal internalization into the tripartite influence model of body image: towards a modern understanding of adolescent girls\u2019 body dissatisfaction","volume":"41","author":"Roberts","year":"2022","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref9004","author":"Roelants","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-013-0013-7","article-title":"A biopsychosocial model for understanding media internalization and appearance dissatisfaction among preadolescent boys and girls","volume":"47","author":"Rousseau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Commun. Res."},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2019.07.028","article-title":"A meta-analytic review of the relationship between social media use and body image disturbance","volume":"101","author":"Saiphoo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037917","article-title":"Development and validation of the sociocultural attitudes towards appearance questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4)","volume":"27","author":"Schaefer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol. Assess."},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010079","article-title":"Emotional eating in adolescence: effects of emotion regulation, weight status and negative body image","volume":"13","author":"Shriver","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2020.11.001","article-title":"\u201cIt really presents a struggle for females, especially my little girl\u201d: exploring fathers\u2019 experiences discussing body image with their young daughters","volume":"36","author":"Siegel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-017-0659-7","article-title":"More than just child\u2019s play?: an experimental investigation of the impact of an appearance-focused internet game on body image and career aspirations of young girls","volume":"46","author":"Slater","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-016-0452-3","article-title":"Mother\u2013daughter relationship quality and body image in preadolescent girls","volume":"25","author":"Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Child Fam. Stud."},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1053\/apnu.2003.50000","article-title":"Reconceptualizing causative factors and intervention strategies in the eating disorders: a shift from body image to self-concept impairments","volume":"17","author":"Stein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Psychiatr. Nurs."},{"key":"ref9005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429495090","volume-title":"Kinderculture: The corporate construction of childhood","author":"Steinberg","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2020.106528","article-title":"The impact of social media use on appearance self-esteem from childhood to adolescence\u2013a 3-wave community study","volume":"114","author":"Steinsbekk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0012-1649.38.5.669","article-title":"Risk factors for body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls: a longitudinal investigation","volume":"38","author":"Stice","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000817","article-title":"Childhood adversity and pubertal development among Puerto Rican boys and girls","volume":"82","author":"Suglia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-016-0626-z","article-title":"Parental attachment and body satisfaction in adolescents","volume":"26","author":"Szalai","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Child Fam. Stud."},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/10312-000","volume-title":"Exacting beauty: Theory, assessment, and treatment of body image disturbance","author":"Thompson","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2005.03.006","article-title":"Body dissatisfaction and adolescent self-esteem: prospective findings","volume":"2","author":"Tiggemann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22141","article-title":"NetGirls: the internet, Facebook, and body image concern in adolescent girls","volume":"46","author":"Tiggemann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Eat. Disord."},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1177\/027243161350108","article-title":"NetTweens: the internet and body image concerns in preteenage girls","volume":"34","author":"Tiggemann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Early Adolesc."},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsv021","article-title":"The role of self-objectification in the mental health of early adolescent girls: predictors and consequences","volume":"40","author":"Tiggemann","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Psychol."},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2017.1387754","article-title":"\u201cI can\/should look like a media figure\u201d: the association between direct and indirect media exposure and teens\u2019 sexualizing appearance behaviors","volume":"55","author":"Trekels","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Sex Res."},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-384925-0.00045-6","article-title":"Body weight and body image in children and adolescents","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of body image and human appearance","author":"van den Berg","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref9006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2006.01.015","article-title":"Imputation of missing values is superior to complete case analysis and the missing-indicator method in multivariable diagnostic research: a clinical example","volume":"59","author":"Van der Heijden","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-97416-9_26-1","article-title":"The role of family factors in eating disorders","volume-title":"Eating disorders: An international comprehensive view","author":"Van Malderen","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref107","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Wanneer is dik t\u00e9 dik?[When is fat too fat?]. Behandelstrategie\u00ebn bij kinderen met overgewicht [Treatment strategies in overweight children]26","author":"Van Winckel","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref108","volume-title":"Handleiding competentiebelevingsschaal voor kinderen","author":"Veerman","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa6701_11","article-title":"Measuring children's self-concept with a Dutch version of the self-perception profile for children: factorial validity and invariance across a nonclinic and a clinic group","volume":"67","author":"Veerman","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Pers. Assess."},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.2147\/AHMT.S68344","article-title":"Weight status and body image perceptions in adolescents: current perspectives","volume":"6","author":"Voelker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adolesc. Health Med. Ther."},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.13672","article-title":"An empirical test of prototype and revisionist models of attachment stability and change from middle childhood to adolescence: a 6-year longitudinal study","volume":"93","author":"Waters","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"ref112","first-page":"76","article-title":"Body image development in adolescent girls","volume-title":"Body image: A handbook of science, practice, and prevention","author":"Wertheim","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref113","volume-title":"Health behaviour in school-aged children (HBSC) study: International report from the 2013\/2014 survey","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1228860\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T04:33:38Z","timestamp":1704256418000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1228860\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]},"references-count":100,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1228860"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1228860","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]]},"article-number":"1228860"}}