{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:17:23Z","timestamp":1790191043682,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interest in pragmatic development and its assessment has increased in recent years, not only because of the predictive value of pragmatic impairments as warning signs in the detection of multiple developmental disorders, but also because of the consideration that pragmatics has received in the field of mental disorders. Current contexts of child development assessment require pragmatic assessment instruments that accurately define profiles and take into account the immediate context in which they develop. Parents' knowledge of their children's abilities is supported by exhaustive observation over time of regularities in their behavior. But it is true that the way a caregiver interprets behavior is mediated by multiple variables. The aim of the present study, therefore, is to shed light on the possible influence of parental belief systems on the assessment of children's pragmatic development by analyzing the relationship between sociofamilial variables and the assessment of pragmatic competence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 215 educational centers across Spain participated in the study. The final sample was of 262 parents of boys and girls between 6 and 48 months of age. The parental questionnaire for the evaluation of pragmatic development, The Pragmatics Profile, in an adapted Spanish version, was applied along with a number of items for the evaluation of parental beliefs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analyses confirm the existence of an effect of child development conceptions and other socio-familial variables on the assessment of pragmatic development between 6 and 48 months of age. Furthermore, the results indicate that better scores on pragmatic development are associated with parents with higher socioeconomic and educational levels, greater number of children and more interactionist conceptions and realistic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The effect of parental conceptions on the evaluation of pragmatics points to the need to obtain convergent measures in an area as complex as that of communicative development in early childhood, especially taking into account that an evaluation which is neutral and free from context is not possible or indeed desirable. Pragmatic development must be evaluated within this contextual framework and should take into account each of the variables present therein. Hence the complementarity between parental reports and performance-based test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1369949","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T11:52:46Z","timestamp":1717069966000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Influence of socio-family variables on parental assessment of the pragmatic development of children under 4 years of age"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Iria","family":"Botana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Peralbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2017.00017","article-title":"Structural equation modeling of the effects of family, preschool, and stunting on the cognitive development of school children","volume":"4","author":"Ajayi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"B2","year":"2013","journal-title":"Manual diagn\u00f3stico y estad\u00edstico de los trastornos mentales, 5ta ed"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3390\/children8020123","article-title":"Association between CCC-2 and structural language, pragmatics, social cognition, and executive functions in children with developmental language disorder","volume":"8","author":"Andr\u00e9s-Roqueta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574719","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.574719","article-title":"Convergent validity of three measures of reflective function: parent development interview, parental reflective function questionnaire, and reflective function questionnaire","volume":"11","author":"Anis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychol"},{"key":"B5","author":"Berko","year":"2024","journal-title":"The Development of Language"},{"key":"B6","author":"Botana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Elaboraci\u00f3n de un instrumento para la evaluaci\u00f3n de la pragm\u00e1tica en ni\u00f1os y ni\u00f1as menores de cuatro a\u00f1os [Tesis]"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rlfa.2020.05.004","article-title":"Adaptaci\u00f3n al espa\u00f1ol y propiedades psicom\u00e9tricas de la escala the pragmatics profile","volume":"42","author":"Botana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev. Logop. Foniatr. Audiol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.22.6.723","article-title":"Ecology of the family as a context for human development: research perspectives","volume":"22","author":"Bronfenbrenner","year":"1986","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470147658.chpsy0114","article-title":"\u201cThe bioecological model of human development,\u201d","author":"Bronfenbrenner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Handbook of Child Psychology: Theoretical Models of Human Development, Vol. 1"},{"key":"B10","first-page":"1","article-title":"The formats of language acquisition","volume":"1","author":"Bruner","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am. J. Semiot."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1080\/01619568309538407","article-title":"Play, thought, and language","volume":"60","author":"Bruner","year":"1983","journal-title":"Peabody J. Educ."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521958","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01282","article-title":"Longitudinal effects of the family support program chancenreich on parental involvement and the language skills of preschool children","volume":"11","author":"Cohen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychol"},{"key":"B13","volume-title":"The Pragmatics Profile of Everyday Communication Skills in Children","author":"Dewart","year":"1995"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rlfa.2016.07.002","article-title":"Perspectiva de las pr\u00e1cticas de atenci\u00f3n temprana centradas en la familia desde la logopedia","volume":"36","author":"Escorcia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Logop. Foniatr. Audiol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.25267\/Pragmalinguistica.2019.i27.02","article-title":"Eficacia comunicativa en el habla infantil. Indicadores pragm\u00e1ticos b\u00e1sicos","volume":"27","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pragmaling\u00fc\u00edstica"},{"key":"B16","volume-title":"Pragm\u00e1tica para logopedas","author":"Gallardo","year":"2007"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-008-9208-z","article-title":"Parental perceptions of characteristics of non-parental child care: Belief dimensions, family and child correlates","volume":"18","author":"Gamble","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Child Fam. Stud."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01619","article-title":"Pragmatics always matters: an expanded vision of experimental pragmatics","volume":"11","author":"Gibbs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"005","DOI":"10.17979\/reipe.2015.0.09.132","article-title":"Caracterizaci\u00f3n y delimitaci\u00f3n del trastorno de la comunicaci\u00f3n social (pragm\u00e1tico)","volume":"9","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Estud. Investig. Psicol. Educ."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.17060\/ijodaep.2023.n1.v1.2471","article-title":"La influencia de los estilos educativos parentales en el rendimiento escolar de los hijos. Revista INFAD de Psicolog\u00eda","volume":"1","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Dev. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/B0-12-657410-3\/00195-1","article-title":"\u201cCultural psychology,\u201d","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology, Three-Volume Set","author":"Greenfield","year":"2004"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1044\/0161-1461(2011\/10-0076)","article-title":"Classification accuracy of brief parent report measures of language development in Spanish-speaking toddlers","volume":"42","author":"Guiberson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lang. Speech Hear. Ser. Sch"},{"key":"B23","first-page":"145","article-title":"\u201cStructure and function of language,\u201d","volume-title":"New Horizons of Linguistics","author":"Halliday","year":"1975"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2096","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001417","article-title":"The effect of older sibling, postnatal maternal stress, and household factors on language development in two- to four-year-old children","volume":"58","author":"Havron","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"B25","first-page":"279","article-title":"De las ideas de las madres a las interacciones con sus beb\u00e9s","volume":"19","author":"Hidalgo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anal. Psicol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00612","article-title":"The specificity of environmental influence: socioeconomic status affects early vocabulary development via maternal speech","volume":"74","author":"Hoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecresq.2014.04.012","article-title":"Expressive vocabulary development in children from bilingual and monolingual homes: a longitudinal study from two to four years","volume":"29","author":"Hoff","year":"2014","journal-title":"Early Child. Res. Q"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0272254","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0272254","article-title":"Adult beliefs about cognitive development vary across experience and expertise: a focus group study","volume":"17","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716412000045","article-title":"Short-form versions of the Spanish MacArthur\u2013Bates communicative development inventories","volume":"34","author":"Jackson-Maldonado","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Psycholinguist"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.17979\/sportis.2020.6.1.5388","article-title":"Habilidades motrices y su relaci\u00f3n con las actividades y creencias parentales en preescolares; comparaciones por nivel socio-econ\u00f3mico","volume":"6","author":"Jim\u00e9nez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sportis Sci. J"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.101","article-title":"Investigation the specificity of the association between parental and child symptoms of psychopathology: nested evidence for diathesis-stress model in a high-risk sample","volume":"41","author":"Kluczniok","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Child Psychol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3386\/w29394","volume-title":"It all starts with beliefs: Addressing the roots of educational inequities by shifting parental beliefs (No. w29394)","author":"List","year":"2021"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11863","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90867-3","article-title":"Exposure to screens and children's language development in the EDEN mother\u2013child cohort","volume":"11","author":"Martinot","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.4067\/S0718-73782016000100008","article-title":"Metanoia en atenci\u00f3n temprana: transformaci\u00f3n a un enfoque centrado en la familia","volume":"10","author":"McWilliam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Latinoam. Educ. Inclusiva"},{"key":"B35","volume-title":"The Development of Communication from Social Interaction to Language","author":"Messener","year":"1994"},{"key":"B36","unstructured":"MikulicI. M.\n            M\u00f3duloI.\n            C\u00e1tedraI.\n          27571670La evaluaci\u00f3n psicol\u00f3gica y el an\u00e1lisis ecoevaluativo.2007"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.2307\/1131032","article-title":"Parental beliefs about problematic social behaviors in early childhood","volume":"61","author":"Mills","year":"1990","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"B38","author":"Oller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Milestones: Normal Speech and Language Development Across the Life Span"},{"key":"B39","author":"Owens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Language Development: An Introduction"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1080\/02103702.1987.10822180","article-title":"Contenidos, estructura y determinantes de las ideas de los padres. Unainvestigaci\u00f3n emp\u00edrica","volume":"40","author":"Palacios","year":"1987","journal-title":"Infanc. Aprendiz."},{"key":"B41","volume-title":"Familia y Desarrollo Humano","author":"Palacios","year":"1998"},{"key":"B42","first-page":"679","article-title":"Desarrollo de la comunicaci\u00f3n y del lenguaje: indicadores de preocupaci\u00f3n","volume":"8","author":"P\u00e9rez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev. Pediatr. Aten. Primaria"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.24054\/01204211.v1.n1.2015.1320","article-title":"Metodolog\u00edas de evaluaci\u00f3n fonoaudiol\u00f3gica del componente pragm\u00e1tico del lenguaje en infantes","volume":"1","author":"Portilla","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Cient. Signos F\u00f3nicos"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.15443\/RL3101","article-title":"Instrumentos de evaluaci\u00f3n pragm\u00e1tica y comunicativa en espa\u00f1ol","volume":"31","author":"Prieto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Logos"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.14198\/DCN.20290","article-title":"Funciones ejecutivas en TEA: an\u00e1lisis de variables contextuales en el desarrollo","volume":"9","author":"Quero","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev. Discapac. Cl\u00edn. Neurociencias."},{"key":"B46","volume-title":"A study of the effects of an intervention program on below average first grade readers","author":"Reese","year":"1978"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1344\/ANPSIC2021.51\/1.29827","article-title":"Las ideas parentales sobre educaci\u00f3n y desarrollo: un estudio longitudinal","volume":"51","author":"Ribao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anu. Psicol.\/UB J. Psychol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1080\/11356405.2018.1528914","article-title":"Contextual variables associated with differences in educational performance between European Union countries\/Variables contextuales asociadas a las diferencias de rendimiento educativo entre los pa\u00edses de la Uni\u00f3n Europea","volume":"30","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Santero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cult. Educ"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1017\/S0305000907008343","article-title":"Child-directed speech: relation to socioeconomic status, knowledge of child development and child vocabulary skill","volume":"35","author":"Rowe","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Child Lang."},{"key":"B50","first-page":"43","article-title":"El desarrollo del lenguaje. Detecci\u00f3n precoz de los retrasos\/trastornos en la adquisici\u00f3n del lenguaje","volume":"6","author":"Santana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Cubana Tecnol. Salud"},{"key":"B51","author":"Shaughnessy","year":"2007","journal-title":"M\u00e9todos de Investigaci\u00f3n en Psicolog"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199203000-00015","article-title":"Psychosocial adjustment of children with a terminally ill parent","volume":"31","author":"Siegel","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","author":"Sigel","year":"2014","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315807539"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1188550","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1188550","article-title":"Parental reports on language development in toddlers and preschoolers based on the croatian version of communicative development inventories III","volume":"14","author":"\u0160mit Brlekovi\u0107","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1177\/1053815117750411","article-title":"Personal thoughts on early childhood special education research: An historical perspective, threats to relevance, and call to action","volume":"40","author":"Strain","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Early Interv"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1177\/0142723717737691","article-title":"Development of the survey of parent\/provider expectations and knowledge (SPEAK)","volume":"38","author":"Suskind","year":"2018","journal-title":"First Lang"},{"key":"B57","volume-title":"Toys as Culture.","author":"Sutton-Smith","year":"1986"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/02103791.1991.10822811","article-title":"Las concepciones de los padres sobre el desarrollo: teor\u00edas personales o teor\u00edas culturales","volume":"14","author":"Triana","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infanc. Aprendiz"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/0271121410364250","article-title":"Influences of family-systems intervention practices on parent-child interactions and child development","volume":"30","author":"Trivette","year":"2010","journal-title":"Top. Early Child. Spec. Educ"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716420000570","article-title":"The impact of older siblings on the language environment and language development of bilingual toddlers","volume":"42","author":"Tsinivits","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Psycholinguist."},{"key":"B61","volume-title":"Pensamiento y lenguaje","author":"Vigotsky","year":"1934"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674076661","author":"Vygotsky","year":"1984","journal-title":"Mind in society: the development of higher psychological processes"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7240","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19127240","article-title":"Impact of parental beliefs on child developmental outcomes: a quasi-experiment in rural china","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1369949\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T11:53:04Z","timestamp":1717069984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1369949\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1369949"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1369949","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]]},"article-number":"1369949"}}