{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:32:08Z","timestamp":1793046728571,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the research was to evaluate outdoor aerobic sport activities (OASA) in the physical education (PE) of university students using wearables and their potential to personalize the learning process and enhance motivation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 368 university students participated. The OASA structure and the key points of application in PE were described. Descriptive statistics of the training units (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093,680) were processed. The students recorded their training data in the Strava app (10 sessions per semester), and the data were shared in the online sport community created on the Strava platform. Motivation was evaluated using a questionnaire. The focus was both on intrinsic motivation and extrinsic \u201cICT\u201d motivation, based on Strava app features and tools.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The most preferred outdoor aerobic sport activities were running (58%), cycling (13%), and walking (16%). The results provided insight into motivation and performance analysis. Students\u2019 motivation to participate in OASA was mainly in health concerns, such as staying in shape (94%), staying healthy (90%), and psychological concerns, such as having fun (88%), improving state of mind (88%), or relieving stress (83%). In achievement concerns, the motivation was a personal challenge (72%), while competing with others was ranked lowest (32%). The Strava app was a motivating tool for students to record, monitor, and analyze their individual activities and feel \u201cconnectedness\u201d to the online sport community. 70% of students were motivated by the non-competitive character of PE, which gave them a personalized opportunity to train without being compared to others.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The OASA management, with the use of blended learning methods and the Strava app, uses a motivational approach to create, support, and maintain students\u2019 healthy habits of physical activity through PE lessons. The need for students to be motivated to exercise can be confirmed in the analysis of the statistical descriptive parameters of running, cycling, and walking. There was a tendency for students to complete only the minimum required distance\/time (not more). On the other hand, students enjoyed the training, and 99% of students confirmed that they would enroll again. That fact underlined the importance of motivating students with an effective learning strategy and giving support and guidance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1380041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T08:46:17Z","timestamp":1724748377000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Blended learning in physical education: application and motivation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Dagmar","family":"Hru\u0161ov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Chaloupsk\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavl\u00edna","family":"Chaloupsk\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Hru\u0161a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.51846\/the-sky.v0i0.2069","article-title":"Role of smartphones in increasing physical activity in secondary school students","author":"Adam\u010d\u00e1k","year":"2021","journal-title":"THE SKY Int. J. Phys. Educ. Sports Sci."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.47405\/mjssh.v6i9.998","article-title":"Contributing factors to decline in physical activity among adolescents: a scoping review","volume":"6","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"MJSSH"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1080\/08924562.2021.1867458","article-title":"Using wearable devices to enhance quality of physical education for students","volume":"34","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Strategies"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.17979\/sportis.2022.8.3.8712","article-title":"Differential analysis of psychological variables related to the commitment to sport practice in university students during confinement by COVID-19","volume":"8","author":"Alvarez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sportis Sci. J. Phys. Educ. Psychomotricity"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4817","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17134817","article-title":"The relationships between physical activity and life satisfaction and happiness among young, middle-aged, and older adults","volume":"17","author":"An","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4472","DOI":"10.3390\/s21134472","article-title":"Exploring the use of mobile and wearable technology among university student athletes in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study","volume":"21","author":"Bardus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7223","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18147223","article-title":"Get outside! Promoting adolescent health through outdoor after-school activity","volume":"18","author":"Barfield","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"33","article-title":"Physical activity epidemiology of college students physical exercise self-efficacy: motivational drive for health education promotion","volume":"5","author":"Bebeley","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Phys. Educ. Res."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1080\/00222216.2023.2249892","article-title":"The role of mobile fitness applications in student leisure activities","volume":"54","author":"Berbeka","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Leis. Res."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2021443","DOI":"10.23750\/abm.v92iS6.12232","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity among university students in Pavia, northern Italy","volume":"92","author":"Bertocchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1080\/07303084.2017.1404512","article-title":"Using sport education in a university physical activity course","volume":"89","author":"Blocker","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Phys. Educ. Recreat. Dance"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024651","article-title":"Prospective study of bicycling and risk of coronary heart disease in Danish men and women","volume":"134","author":"Blond","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2020.1799027","article-title":"Use of fitness trackers in a blended learning model to personalize fitness running lessons","volume":"29","author":"Chaloupsk\u00fd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Interact. Learn. Environ."},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"303","article-title":"Use of fitness trackers in fitness running classes to enhance students\u2019 motivation","volume-title":"ICBL","author":"Chaloupsk\u00fd","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2021.104150","article-title":"Do socio-cultural differences matter? A study of the learning effects and satisfaction with physical activity from digital learning assimilated into a university dance course","volume":"165","author":"Chao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comp. Educ."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106909","article-title":"Digital support for student engagement in blended learning based on self-determination theory","volume":"124","author":"Chiu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.52082\/jssm.2021.516","article-title":"Predictors of physical activity levels in university physical education implementing sport education","volume":"20","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18126211","article-title":"The acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of wearable activity trackers for increasing physical activity in children and adolescents: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Creaser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327965PLI1104_01","article-title":"The \u201cwhat\u201d and \u201cwhy\u201d of goal pursuits: human needs and the self-determination of behavior","volume":"11","author":"Deci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychol. Inq."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012801","article-title":"Self-determination theory: a macrotheory of human motivation, development, and health","volume":"49","author":"Deci","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can. Psychol."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271431","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1271431","article-title":"Exercise makes better mind: a data mining study on effect of physical activity on academic achievement of college students","volume":"14","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080162","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1080162","article-title":"Analysis of the motivational processes involved in university physical activity","volume":"13","author":"Dur\u00e1n-Vinagre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.3390\/IJERPH16060937","article-title":"Benefits of outdoor sports for society. A systematic literature review and reflections on evidence","volume":"16","author":"Eigenschenk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ.Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref24","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1080\/19325037.2015.1044140","article-title":"Health and fitness app use in college students: a qualitative study","volume":"46","author":"Gowin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Health Educ."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2021.2004703","article-title":"What do adolescents and young adults strive for in sport and exercise? An explorative study on goal profiles in sport and exercise","volume":"40","author":"Gut","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(19)30323-2","article-title":"Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1\u00b76 million participants","volume":"4","author":"Guthold","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc.Health"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"463","article-title":"Motivation in physical activity: smartphone sport tracker applications","volume-title":"MoHE","author":"Hamid","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19159284","article-title":"Two of a kind? Similarities and differences between runners and walkers in sociodemographic characteristics, sports related characteristics and wearable usage","volume":"19","author":"Helsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daac071","article-title":"Exercise motives impact on physical activities measured using wearable devices","volume":"37","author":"Hewitt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Promot. Int."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.52547\/aassjournal.1044","article-title":"The effect of the motivation of wearable fitness devices use on exercise engagement: the mediating effect of exercise commitment","volume":"10","author":"Ho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Appl. Sport Sci."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1007\/s11528-019-00375-5","article-title":"What do we mean by blended learning?","volume":"63","author":"Hrastinski","year":"2019","journal-title":"TechTrends"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"568","article-title":"Research paper on physical activity and fitness patterns among university students in Mumbai","volume":"6","author":"Jambusaria","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Res. Ideas Innov. Technol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181167","article-title":"Understanding different types of recreational runners and how they use running-related technology","volume":"17","author":"Janssen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2020.1801840","article-title":"Self-tracking behaviour in physical activity: a systematic review of drivers and outcomes of fitness tracking","volume":"41","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Behav. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"374","article-title":"Motivations and challenges related to the use of fitness self-tracking technology","volume-title":"I3E","author":"Jones","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1556\/018.66.2015.3.3","article-title":"Changes in physical fitness of Hungarian college students in the last fifteen years","volume":"66","author":"Kaj","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Biol. Hung."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3390\/s21113687","article-title":"How are sports-trackers used by runners? Running-related data, personal goals, and self-tracking in running","volume":"21","author":"Karahano\u011flu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2020.1808296","article-title":"Socio-ecological predictors of non-organized physical activity participation and decline between childhood and adolescence","volume":"39","author":"Kemp","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2022.2071622","article-title":"College students\u2019 motivations for using fitness related technology","volume":"72","author":"Kendrick","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Col. Health"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2722","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac232","article-title":"Prescribing parkrun: a simple, cost-effective solution for sustainability, improving wellbeing, reducing loneliness, and disease prevention","volume":"43","author":"Khanji","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.26773\/mjssm.190902","article-title":"Psychological state and behavioural profiles of freshman enrolled in college and university instructional physical activity programmes under different policy conditions","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Montenegrin J. Sports Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref43","volume-title":"Posilov\u00e1n\u00ed stresem","author":"Kol\u00e1\u0159","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2020.104035","article-title":"Promoting pre-class guidance and in-class reflection: a SQIRC-based mobile flipped learning approach to promoting students\u2019 billiards skills, strategies, motivation and self-efficacy","volume":"160","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comp. Educ."},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17197227","article-title":"Changes in physical activity patterns from childhood to adolescence: genobox longitudinal study","volume":"17","author":"Llorente-Cantarero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res.Public Health"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.18.08771-6","article-title":"Outdoor physical activity bears multiple benefits to health and society","volume":"59","author":"Manferdelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibz198","article-title":"A systematic review of physical activity and quality of life and well-being","volume":"10","author":"Marquez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trans. Behav. Med."},{"key":"ref1002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1080\/02701367.1993.10608790","article-title":"The development of an instrument to measure motivation for marathon running: The Motivations of Marathoners Scales (MOMS)","volume":"64","author":"Masters","year":"1993","journal-title":"RQES."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1080\/00336297.2021.1891553","article-title":"Wearable exercise technology and the impact on college women\u2019s physical activity","volume":"73","author":"McFadden","year":"2021","journal-title":"Quest"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.18666\/TPE-2015-V72-I4-7139","article-title":"Evaluating a physical activity app in the classroom: a mixed methodological approach among","volume":"72","author":"Melton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. Educ."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2219","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2021.1928382","article-title":"Sedentary behaviour research in adults: a scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"39","author":"Memon","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-020-10337-7","article-title":"The effectiveness of a virtual fitness trainer app in motivating and engaging students for fitness activity by applying motor learning theory","volume":"26","author":"Mokmin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Educ. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3390\/challe13010009","article-title":"The challenges and realities of e-learning during COVID-19: the case of university sport and physical education","volume":"13","author":"Moustakas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Challenges"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20031669","article-title":"The effects of outdoor versus indoor exercise on psychological health, physical health, and physical activity behaviour: a systematic review of longitudinal trials","volume":"20","author":"Noseworthy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1177\/0890117120939030","article-title":"Effects of motivational interviewing and wearable fitness trackers on motivation and physical activity: a systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Nuss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Health Promot."},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192114099","article-title":"30 year trends of reduced physical fitness in undergraduate students studying human movement","volume":"19","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.107089","article-title":"GIST do it! How motivational mechanisms help wearable users develop healthy habits","volume":"128","author":"Oc","year":"2022","journal-title":"Compu. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref57","first-page":"16","article-title":"A typology of marathon runners based on cluster analysis of motivations","volume":"26","author":"Ogles","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Sport Behav."},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3390\/su142316280","article-title":"Runners experience lower heart rate, increased speed, and joy\/calm on routes with trees, by the sea and through parks: implications for climate change design","volume":"14","author":"Paraskevopoulou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustain. For."},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000003013","article-title":"Correlates of the physical activity decline during childhood","volume":"54","author":"Pereira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med.Sci.Sports Exerc."},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1123\/kr.2019-0033","article-title":"Promoting physical activity through youth sport","volume":"8","author":"Pheiffer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kinesiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.5507\/ag.2021.013","article-title":"State and status of physical education in tertiary institutions in selected European countries in the second decade of the 21st century","volume":"51","author":"Podstawski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Gymnica."},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09855-3","article-title":"Exercise\/physical activity and health outcomes: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews","volume":"20","author":"Posadzki","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"18","article-title":"Using Fitbit competitions to increase physical activity in college students","volume":"1","author":"Ramirez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Macksey J."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"09","DOI":"10.54393\/pbmj.v6i01.839","article-title":"Evaluation of psychological perceptions and effectiveness of health-related technologies in University Students: psychological perceptions and effectiveness of health-related technologies","volume":"6","author":"Rana","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pak. Biomed.l J."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2020.102434","article-title":"Self-tracking while doing sport: comfort, motivation, attention and lifestyle of athletes using personal informatics tools","volume":"140","author":"Rapp","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud."},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2019.103701","article-title":"Challenges in the online component of blended learning: a systematic review","volume":"144","author":"Rasheed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comp. Educ."},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100345","DOI":"10.1016\/J.DCM.2019.100345","article-title":"Strava as a discursive field of practice: technological affordances and mediated cycling motivations","volume":"34","author":"Rivers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Discourse Context Media"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13040363","article-title":"Influences of green outdoors versus indoors environmental settings on psychological and social outcomes of controlled exercise","volume":"13","author":"Rogerson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3390\/su14031512","article-title":"Motivation and eco-attitudes among night runners during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"14","author":"Rozmiarek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustain. For."},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/15588661221148","article-title":"\u201cIf It's not on Strava it Didn\u2019t happen\u201d: perceived psychosocial implications of Strava use in collegiate Club runners","volume":"47","author":"Russell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Recreat. Sports J."},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19010596","article-title":"Acceptance of digital sports: a study showing the rising acceptance of digital health activities due to the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic","volume":"19","author":"Ruth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cedpsych.2020.101860","article-title":"Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: definitions, theory, practices, and future directions","volume":"61","author":"Ryan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Contemp. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"ref73","first-page":"171","volume-title":"Intrinsic motivation in the context of sports. Sport and exercise psychology: theory and application","author":"Sch\u00fcler","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0229305","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229305","article-title":"Decline of physical activity in early adolescence: a 3-year cohort study","volume":"15","author":"Sember","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.54097\/jeer.v2i2.6444","article-title":"Construction of physical education teaching system in colleges and universities based on the concept of lifelong physical education","volume":"2","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Educ. Educ. Res."},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0265913","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0265913","article-title":"Barriers to high school and university students\u2019 physical activity: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Silva","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.5817\/sts2022-2-28","article-title":"The effect of physical activities on somatic parameters of Masaryk University students\u2013some selected results","volume":"16","author":"\u0160ipl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Studia Sportiva"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.18276\/cej.2022.2-01","article-title":"Promotion of physical activity through health applications among students of selected universities-a preliminary study","volume":"38","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cent. Eur. J. Sport Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1080\/16138171.2021.1918896","article-title":"Sport and fitness app uses: a review of humanities and social science perspectives","volume":"19","author":"Soul\u00e9","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Sport Soc."},{"key":"ref80","first-page":"602","article-title":"Outdoors is medicine\u00ae: college faculty and students outdoor time, behaviors, and perceived health benefits: 1775","volume":"55","author":"Steeves","year":"2023","journal-title":"MSSE"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2018.1484516","article-title":"Recreational athletes\u2019 running motivations as predictors of their use of online fitness community features","volume":"37","author":"Stragier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav. Inform. Technol."},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00150-5","article-title":"National, regional, and global trends in insufficient physical activity among adults from 2000 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 507 population-based surveys with 5\u00b7 7 million participants","volume":"12","author":"Strain","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"ref83","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(02)00575-5","article-title":"Adolescent participation in sports and adult physical activity","volume":"24","author":"Tammelin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2020-0735","article-title":"COVID-19\u2013related National re-confinement: recommendations from the National French Observatory for physical activity and sedentary behaviors (ONAPS)","volume":"18","author":"Thievel","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Phys. Act. Health"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tine.2022.100186","article-title":"YouTube as a complementary learning tool in times of COVID-19: self-reports from sports science students","volume":"29","author":"Trabelsi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci. Educ."},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1037\/edu0000420.supp","article-title":"Self-determination theory applied to physical education: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"112","author":"Vasconcellos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17760\/D20416547","volume-title":"College students motivation to use fitness related technology to influence physical activity: a descriptive qualitative study with college students","author":"Wallar","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073423","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1073423","article-title":"Blended learning in physical education: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846594","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.846594","article-title":"Assessing the intention to use sports bracelets among Chinese university students: an extension of technology acceptance model with sports motivation","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2022_0536","DOI":"10.1590\/1517-8692202329012022_0536","article-title":"University curriculum update on aerobic physical education","volume":"29","author":"Wen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Med. Esporte"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1111\/aphw.12353","article-title":"Psychological benefits of outdoor physical activity in natural versus urban environments: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies","volume":"14","author":"Wicks","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Psychol. Health Well-Being"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1080\/24711616.2020.1866468","article-title":"Changes in physical activity and motives following the transition from high school to university","volume":"6","author":"Wilson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Kinesiol. High.Educ."},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18020739","article-title":"The tridirectional relationship among physical activity, stress, and academic performance in university students: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Wunsch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.15857\/ksep.2020.29.2.170","article-title":"Relationship between smartphone use time, sitting time, and fitness level in university students","volume":"29","author":"Yoo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exerc. Sci. Fit."},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-018-9976-0","article-title":"A systematic review of the relationship between physical activity and happiness","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Happiness Stud."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1380041\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T08:46:29Z","timestamp":1724748389000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1380041\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"references-count":97,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1380041"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1380041","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"article-number":"1380041"}}