{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T01:15:51Z","timestamp":1778721351117,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study unexplored neuropsychological domains in the characterization of the Central Nervous System (CNS) involvement in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) that could be relevant based on the recent findings about dystrophin expression in human CNS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A sample of DMD individuals (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f20) underwent a neuropsychological battery encompassing standard cognitive assessments but also less explored social cognition skills. Wechsler scales and a developmental neuropsychological assessment (NEPSY-II) were adopted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our sample performed significantly worse than the reference scores in the \u201csocial cognition\u201d sub-items of the NEPSY-II; the difference persisted even when splitting the sample by Dp140 depletion or cognitive deficit. The difference in the \u201caffect recognition\u201d scores between the Dp140\u202f+\u202fand the Dp140\u2212 subgroups was confirmed even after excluding the subjects with a cognitive deficit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dystrophin is highly expressed in structures involved in the brain networks underlying some social cognition skills. Our results, which provide additional preliminary evidence of a possible specific impairment in this area, underscore the importance of considering social cognition as another feature of the CNS phenotype of DMD, consistent with a few other previous reports.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1504174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T07:02:59Z","timestamp":1736146979000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The hidden face of Duchenne (Neuro)Muscular Dystrophy. Preliminary evidence of social cognition impairment as a feature of the neuropsychological phenotype of DMD"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Parravicini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. A.","family":"Quaranta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. I.","family":"Dainesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Berardinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2015.07.025","article-title":"Reading impairment in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a pilot study to investigate similarities and differences with developmental dyslexia","author":"Astrea","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res. Dev. 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