{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:37:30Z","timestamp":1792103850224,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":125,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Self-objectification involves adopting an observer\u2019s perspective on the body and prioritizing appearance over internal attributes, which is most common in women. We propose that self-objectification arises from the interplay between sociocultural pressures and the self-system rather than from sociocultural forces alone. In this account, self-concept clarity functions as a susceptibility factor that conditions the internalization of appearance norms; internalization and upward social comparison then increase body surveillance and appearance-focused negative affect (e.g., body shame, dissatisfaction). Over time, these experiences consolidate negative self-schemas and ruminative thinking, which help sustain and amplify self-objectification. Consequently, self-objectification is associated with reduced interoceptive awareness and compromised self-regulation, with downstream implications for cognition, mood, and health-related behaviors. We outline priorities for future research: (a) testing the moderating role of self-concept clarity across development, (b) clarifying how negative self-schemas and rumination maintain self-objectification over time, (c) distinguishing state versus trait\/chronic forms and their effects on regulation, and (d) integrating mechanistic assays with intervention studies (e.g., mindfulness, self-compassion, cognitive reappraisal). Taken together, this framework highlights the intertwined influences of sociocultural environments and self-structure in the emergence and persistence of self-objectification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1531222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T14:50:56Z","timestamp":1759157456000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The psychological mechanism of Self-objectification: the interaction between sociocultural pressures and the self-system"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zhennan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianmei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinying","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangping","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2017.10.004","article-title":"Exploring the relationship between appearance-contingent self-worth and self-esteem: the roles of self-objectification and appearance anxiety","volume":"23","author":"Adams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e55568","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055568","article-title":"Body conscious? 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