{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T16:38:28Z","timestamp":1785515908333,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Firefighters are exposed to high-stress work environments and are prone to depression, which has a significant impact on their professional performance and quality of life. Although exercise self-efficacy has been suggested to potentially influence psychological wellbeing, its mechanism of action on firefighters' depression has not been clarified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated the relationship between exercise self-efficacy and depression in firefighters and examined the mediating role of basic psychological needs and the moderating role of perceived social support. A cross-sectional research design was used to survey 450 Chinese frontline firefighters (mean age = 24.03 \u00b1 5.27 years). Data were collected using the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (SES), the General Scale of Satisfaction with Basic Needs (BNSG-S), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and moderated mediated effects analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0 and Hayes' PROCESS macro.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exercise self-efficacy significantly and negatively predicted depression levels after controlling for demographic variables (\u03b2 = \u22120.249, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01). Basic psychological needs partially mediated the association between exercise self-efficacy and depression (indirect effect \u03b2 = \u22120.131, 95% CI: [\u22120.174, \u22120.096]), accounting for 52.61% of the total effect. Perceived social support moderated the direct association between exercise self-efficacy and depression, which was stronger at high levels of perceived social support (\u03b2 = \u22120.234, 95% CI: [\u22120.365, \u22120.104], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study reveals the mechanisms by which exercise self-efficacy influences firefighter depression levels through direct and indirect pathways, highlighting the critical role of basic psychological needs and perceived social support. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the development of targeted mental health intervention strategies for firefighters, emphasizing the importance of improving exercise self-efficacy, meeting basic psychological needs, and enhancing social support.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1542883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T12:16:23Z","timestamp":1755605783000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The impact of exercise self-efficacy on depression in firefighters: mediating effect of basic psychological needs and moderating effect of perceived social support"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Wenjia","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoqing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haozhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dengshan","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitao","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.9.1569","article-title":"Job performance deficits due to depression","volume":"163","author":"Adler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. 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