{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T18:14:41Z","timestamp":1764785681236,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Workplace precrastination is the phenomenon wherein individuals tend to rush task-related activities at work and complete them as soon as possible. Due to its prevalence in everyday life (e.g., answering emails quickly, finishing work rapidly), precrastination has received increasing media and scholarly attention. However, despite growing interest in the topic, no psychometrically sound measure exists to capture workplace precrastination in organizations. We define workplace precrastination as the tendency of employees to complete an official task sooner than the expected deadline. This tendency manifests in three distinct dimensions: (1) immediate start, (2) rapid progress, and (3) early completion. Using three samples and a multi-wave approach to data collection, we develop a new scale to measure workplace precrastination and test its construct validity. We also examine whether precrastination is conceptually and empirically distinct from procrastination. Our findings suggest that workplace precrastination is distinct from procrastination and that it contributes unique variance to several organizationally relevant behavioral and attitudinal constructs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1679477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T05:21:58Z","timestamp":1759728118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Workplace precrastination: conceptualization and scale development"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inchul","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sushil","family":"Nifadkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2001.5393887","article-title":"Taking time to integrate temporal research","volume":"26","author":"Ancona","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3531","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2016.2516","article-title":"Early task initiation and other load-adaptive mechanisms in the emergency department","volume":"63","author":"Batt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref9009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.85.3.349","article-title":"Development of a measure of workplace deviance","volume":"85","author":"Bennett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124187016001004","article-title":"Practical issues in structural modeling","volume":"16","author":"Bentler","year":"1987","journal-title":"Sociol. Methods Res."},{"key":"ref9010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.37.3.245","article-title":"External validity is more than skin deep: Some answers to criticisms of laboratory experiments","volume":"37","author":"Berkowitz","year":"1982","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2015.2387","article-title":"Past the point of speeding up: the negative effects of workload saturation on efficiency and patient severity","volume":"63","author":"Berry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024532","article-title":"The affective shift model of work engagement","volume":"96","author":"Bledow","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-019-05493-3","article-title":"Pre-crastination and procrastination effects occur in a reach-to-grasp task","volume":"237","author":"Blinch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2001.5393892","article-title":"When plans change: examining how people evaluate timing changes in work organizations","volume":"26","author":"Blount","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327043hup1002_3","article-title":"Task performance and contextual performance: the meaning for personnel selection research","volume":"10","author":"Borman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum. Perform."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1037\/apl0000266","article-title":"Understanding the dark and bright sides of anxiety: a theory of workplace anxiety","volume":"103","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3200\/SOCP.145.3.245-264","article-title":"Rethinking procrastination: positive effects of \u201cactive\u201d procrastination behavior on attitudes and performance","volume":"145","author":"Chu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1037\/apl0000484","article-title":"The multidimensional workaholism scale: linking the conceptualization and measurement of workaholism","volume":"105","author":"Clark","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref13","volume-title":"Revised NEO personality inventory (NEO PI-RTM) and NEO five-factor inventory (NEO-FFI): Professional manual","author":"Costa","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2009.44636148","article-title":"A within-person approach to work behavior and performance: concurrent and lagged citizenship-counterproductivity associations, and dynamic relationships with affect and overall job performance","volume":"52","author":"Dalal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref9006","article-title":"Precrastination: When the early bird gets the shaft","author":"DeMelo","year":"2019","journal-title":"The New York Times."},{"key":"ref9007","first-page":"189","article-title":"Generalizability theory","volume-title":"Measuring and analyzing behavior in organizations: Advances in measurement and data analysis","author":"DeShon","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref9008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.76.4.628","article-title":"Test anxiety and the hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation","volume":"76","author":"Elliot","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"ref15","author":"Fletcher","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-018-1633-5","article-title":"Which task will we choose first? Precrastination and cognitive load in task ordering","volume":"81","author":"Fournier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atten. Percept. Psychophys."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8325.1997.tb00639.x","article-title":"The concept of personal initiative: operationalization, reliability and validity in two German samples","volume":"70","author":"Frese","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Occup. Organ. Psychol."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2022.111927","article-title":"How do we deal with our daily tasks? Precrastination and its relationship to personality and other constructs","volume":"201","author":"Gehrig","year":"2023","journal-title":"Personal. Individ. Differ."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1177\/014920630002600404","article-title":"The role of time in theory and theory building","volume":"26","author":"George","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Manage."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1037\/h0076546","article-title":"Development of the job diagnostic survey","volume":"60","author":"Hackman","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.52.12.1280","article-title":"Beyond pleasure and pain","volume":"52","author":"Higgins","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1177\/109442819800100106","article-title":"A brief tutorial on the development of measures for use in survey questionnaires","volume":"1","author":"Hinkin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Organ. Res. Methods"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1037\/apl0000064","article-title":"What it takes to get proactive: an integrative multilevel model of the antecedents of personal initiative","volume":"101","author":"Hong","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref9005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","article-title":"Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal"},{"key":"ref24","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref9004","first-page":"1","article-title":"The activation and regulation of fear and anxiety","volume-title":"Nebraska Symposium of MotivationPerspectives on anxiety, panic and fear","author":"Izard","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.82.5.745","article-title":"Five-factor model of personality and employee absence","volume":"82","author":"Judge","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164494054003022","article-title":"Unidimensional versus domain representative parceling of questionnaire items: an empirical example","volume":"54","author":"Kishton","year":"1994","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol. Meas."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034751","article-title":"The assessment of commitment: advantages of a unidimensional, target-free approach","volume":"99","author":"Klein","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483385693","volume-title":"Psychological testing: A practical approach to design and evaluation","author":"Kline","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.106.3.395","article-title":"The psychology of being \u201cright\u201d: the problem of accuracy in social perception and cognition","volume":"106","author":"Kruglanski","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6570.2007.00080.x","article-title":"A multidimensional approach for evaluating variables in organizational research and practice","volume":"60","author":"LeBreton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pers. Psychol."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/joop.12205","article-title":"From self-defeating to other defeating: examining the effects of leader procrastination on follower work outcomes","volume":"91","author":"Legood","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Occup. Organ. Psychol."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.5465\/256934","article-title":"Measuring beliefs: accept no substitutes","volume":"40","author":"Markoczy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.93.3.568","article-title":"Power and sensitivity of alternative fit indices in tests of measurement invariance","volume":"93","author":"Meade","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-4822(00)00053-X","article-title":"Commitment in the workplace: toward a general model","volume":"11","author":"Meyer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum. Resour. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"257","article-title":"Structural equation modeling: a user\u2019s guide","volume-title":"Measuring and analyzing behavior in organizations: Advances in measurement and data analysis","author":"Millsap","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691611432343","article-title":"Revisiting truth or triviality: the external validity of research in the psychological laboratory","volume":"7","author":"Mitchell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Perspect. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2011.61967991","article-title":"Temporal diversity and team performance: the moderating role of team temporal leadership","volume":"54","author":"Mohammed","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.86.1.104","article-title":"Looking forward and looking back: integrating completion and sunk-cost effects within an escalation-of-commitment progress decision","volume":"86","author":"Moon","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.91.6.1321","article-title":"The work design questionnaire (WDQ): developing and validating a comprehensive measure for assessing job design and the nature of work","volume":"91","author":"Morgeson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/job.424","article-title":"Dimensions, antecedents, and consequences of workaholism: a conceptual integration and extension","volume":"28","author":"Ng","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Organ. Behav."},{"key":"ref9002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.89.1.103","article-title":"Doing it now or later","volume":"89","author":"O\u2019Donoghue","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Economic Review"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2019.1690001","article-title":"Precrastination and the cognitive-load-reduction (CLEAR) hypothesis","volume":"28","author":"Patterson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Memory (Hove, England)"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428115624965","article-title":"Recommendations for creating better concept definitions in the organizational, behavioral, and social sciences","volume":"19","author":"Podsakoff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Organ. Res. Methods"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032588","article-title":"Surveying for \u201cartifacts\u201d: the susceptibility of the OCB-performance evaluation relationship to common rater, item, and measurement context effects","volume":"98","author":"Podsakoff","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref8001","article-title":"Sometimes, early birds are too early","volume-title":"New York Times","author":"Richtel","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327906MBR3903_1","article-title":"Parameter recovery and model fit using multidimensional composites: a comparison of four empirical parceling algorithms","volume":"39","author":"Rogers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Multivar. Behav. Res."},{"key":"ref46","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721419833652","article-title":"Sooner rather than later: precrastination rather than procrastination","volume":"28","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797614532657","article-title":"Pre-crastination: hastening subgoal completion at the expense of extra physical effort","volume":"25","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-018-01142-6","article-title":"End-state comfort meets pre-crastination","volume":"83","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol. Res."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i02","article-title":"Lavaan: an R package for structural equation modeling","volume":"48","author":"Rosseel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"ref51","author":"Sauerberger","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref52","author":"Sauerberger","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164405282471","article-title":"The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: a cross-national study","volume":"66","author":"Schaufeli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol. Meas."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2018.1471","article-title":"When putting work off pays off: the curvilinear relationship between procrastination and creativity","volume":"64","author":"Shin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2017.0384","article-title":"The impact of temporal schemata: understanding when individuals entrain versus resist or create temporal structure","volume":"46","author":"Shipp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.133.1.65","article-title":"The nature of procrastination: a meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure","volume":"133","author":"Steel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2010.02.025","article-title":"Arousal, avoidant and decisional procrastinators: do they exist?","volume":"48","author":"Steel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pers. Individ. Differ."},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01927","article-title":"Irrational delay revisited: examining five procrastination scales in a global sample","volume":"8","author":"Svartdal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref9003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1177\/0149206307300812","article-title":"Abusive supervision in work organizations: Review, synthesis, and research agenda","volume":"33","author":"Tepper","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-orgpsych-012420-062228","article-title":"Trait activation theory: a review of the literature and applications to five lines of personality dynamics research","volume":"8","author":"Tett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav."},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s10869-014-9351-z","article-title":"RWA web: a free, comprehensive, web-based, and user-friendly tool for relative weight analyses","volume":"30","author":"Tonidandel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Bus. Psychol."},{"key":"ref62","author":"Villarreal","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2517","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-019-01754-z","article-title":"Task order choices in cognitive and perceptual-motor tasks: the cognitive-load-reduction (CLEAR) hypothesis","volume":"81","author":"VonderHaar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atten. Percept. Psychophys."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6570.2006.00046.x","article-title":"A multilevel integration of personality, climate, self-regulation, and performance","volume":"59","author":"Wallace","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pers. Psychol."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3758\/s13420-018-0358-6","article-title":"Precrastination: the fierce urgency of now","volume":"47","author":"Wasserman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Learn. Behav."},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.54.6.1063","article-title":"Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales","volume":"54","author":"Watson","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1177\/014920639101700305","article-title":"Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors","volume":"17","author":"Williams","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Manage."},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrmr.2008.07.002","article-title":"Measurement models for linking latent variables and indicators: a review of human resource management research using parcels","volume":"18","author":"Williams","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum. Resour. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037109","article-title":"Morning employees are perceived as better employees: employees\u2019 start times influence supervisor performance ratings","volume":"99","author":"Yam","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref9001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10596011231223272","article-title":"When boss puts off, the team worse off: The mitigating role of initiative-enhancing HRM systems","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Group & Organization Management"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000180777.41295.65","article-title":"Impulsivity and decision making","volume":"193","author":"Zermatten","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Nerv. Ment. Dis."},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1093\/jcr\/ucy008","article-title":"The mere urgency effect","volume":"45","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Consum. Res."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1679477\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T05:22:01Z","timestamp":1759728121000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1679477\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"references-count":80,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1679477"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1679477","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"article-number":"1679477"}}