{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T06:05:16Z","timestamp":1783577116559,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Differentiating Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) from Global Developmental Delay (GDD) in preschoolers may be challenging due to overlapping symptoms and shared developmental impairments. This study aimed to examine similarities and differences in adaptive functioning, emotional and behavioral characteristics, and autistic symptomatology in preschoolers with ASD and those with GDD presenting autistic traits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty-nine children aged 3 to 5.8 years (42 with ASD, 47 with GDD), matched for age, intelligence quotient, and sex, were assessed using the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System\u2014Second Edition, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale\u2014Second Edition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Group comparisons revealed no significant differences in adaptive functioning or emotional-behavioral symptoms, with both groups showing marked adaptive deficits and borderline levels of social withdrawal. In contrast, clear differences emerged in autistic symptomatology, although certain items (e.g., imitation, adaptation to change, listening response, sensory response, and fear or nervousness) did not differ significantly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings underscore the complexity of early differential diagnosis between ASD and GDD and emphasize the importance of enhanced clinician training and tailored early interventions to improve diagnostic accuracy and individualized care planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1690272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T16:26:23Z","timestamp":1763137583000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Differentiating autism spectrum disorder and global developmental delay in preschoolers: overlapping profiles and diagnostic challenges"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Veronica","family":"Sperandini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Fuc\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Sbarbati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Schettino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Falvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Quarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"De Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Vicari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Manual for the ASEBA School-Age Forms & Profiles: An Integrated System of Multi-Informant Assessment","author":"Achenbach","year":"2001"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1177\/1362361319852831","article-title":"The misnomer of \u2018high functioning autism': intelligence is an imprecise predictor of functional abilities at diagnosis","volume":"24","author":"Alvares","year":"2020","journal-title":"Autism"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5, 5th edn"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5-TR, 5th edn, Text Revision","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2022"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.121756","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder: advances in evidence-based practice","volume":"186","author":"Anagnostou","year":"2014","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01546.x","article-title":"Sensory Experiences questionnaire: discriminating sensory features in young children with autism, developmental delays, and typical development","volume":"47","author":"Baranek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Child Psychol. 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