{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T08:45:35Z","timestamp":1768207535122,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The sense of agency is defined as the experience of being the initiator of one\u2019s actions and of influencing one\u2019s surroundings. It represents a fundamental aspect of action monitoring, self-recognition, and the ability to distinguish one\u2019s own actions from external events. Disturbances in the sense of agency have been reported across various psychiatric conditions, underscoring the need for valid self-report tools. However, no validated measure has been available to assess general agency beliefs in Turkish. This study aimed to adapt the Sense of Agency Scale into Turkish and evaluate its psychometric properties in an adult community sample. A total of 316 participants (65.5% women; mean age\u2009=\u200936.0, SD\u2009=\u200912.2) completed the survey, and 85 completed a 2-week retest. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the original two-factor structure\u2014Sense of Positive Agency and Sense of Negative Agency\u2014demonstrating good model fit, strong internal consistency, and moderate test\u2013retest reliability. Construct validity was supported through associations with relevant constructs measured by the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Rotter Internal\u2013External Locus of Control Scale, the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, and the Free Will and Determinism Scale. Incremental validity analyses showed that the sense of negative agency explained significant additional variance in depressive symptoms, obsessive-compulsive traits, and schizotypal personality features beyond self-efficacy and locus of control, as assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory, the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory\u2013Revised, and the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, respectively. Associations with the Religiosity Scale were also examined to explore cultural dimensions of agency beliefs. Overall, the findings indicate that the Turkish adaptation is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing general agency beliefs across clinical and non-clinical contexts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1696418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T05:45:35Z","timestamp":1768196735000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Turkish translation and validation of the Sense of Agency Scale (SoAS-TR)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"I\u015f\u0131k Batuhan","family":"\u00c7akmak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u015eeyma","family":"Uygun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u0130rem","family":"Kar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erol","family":"G\u00f6ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611399294","volume-title":"On the foundations of beliefs in free will: Intentional binding and unconscious priming in self-agency","author":"Aarts","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"26","article-title":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr irade ve belirlenimcilik \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi\u2019nin T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye uyarlamas\u0131 ve psikometrik \u00f6zellikleri","volume":"20","author":"Alper","year":"2017","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk Psikol. Yaz."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S362706","article-title":"The weakness of will: the role of free will in treatment adherence","volume":"16","author":"Amdie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Patient Prefer. Adherence"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2007.01768.x","article-title":"Highly schizotypal students have a weaker sense of self-agency","volume":"62","author":"Asai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.5350\/DAJPN2013260104","article-title":"Evaluation of the Turkish version of the multi-measure agentic personality scale","volume":"26","author":"Atak","year":"2013","journal-title":"D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen Adam J. Psychiatry Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"113","article-title":"Genel \u00d6z Yeterlik \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011fi'nin (G\u00d6Y\u00d6) T\u00fcrk\u00e7e'ye Uyarlama \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 TT - the adaptation study of general self efficacy (GSE) scale to Turkish","volume":"11","author":"Aypay","year":"2010","journal-title":"\u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc \u00dcniv. E\u011fitim Fak. Derg."},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"Prososyal davran\u0131\u015flarda dindarl\u0131k ve empatinin rol\u00fc doctoraldissertation","author":"Ayten","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-88-470-1587-6_1","article-title":"The sense of Agency in Psychology and Neuropsychology","volume-title":"Neuropsychology of the sense of agency: From consciousness to action","author":"Balconi","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/978-88-470-1587-6_3","article-title":"The neuropsychology of the sense of agency: theoretical and Emprirical contributions","volume-title":"Neuropsychology of the sense of agency","author":"Balconi","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1199648","article-title":"A German translation and validation of the sense of agency scale","volume":"14","author":"Bart","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1080\/15305058.2017.1398166","article-title":"ITC guidelines for translating and adapting tests (second edition)","volume":"18","author":"Bartram","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Test."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","article-title":"An inventory for measuring depression","volume":"4","author":"Beck","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852924000117","article-title":"An investigation of the experience of control through the sense of agency in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Borrelli","year":"2024","journal-title":"CNS Spectr."},{"key":"ref14","volume-title":"Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research, 2nd ed. confirmatory factor analysis for applied research, 2nd ed","author":"Brown","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s11097-015-9446-7","article-title":"The sense of agency \u2013 a phenomenological consequence of enacting sensorimotor schemes","volume":"16","author":"Buhrmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phenomenol. Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s41155-017-0071-y","article-title":"How disentangled sense of agency and sense of ownership can interact with different emotional events on stress feelings","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psicol. Reflex. Crit."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1037\/pspi0000027","article-title":"Men as cultural ideals: cultural values moderate gender stereotype content","volume":"109","author":"Cuddy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"10","article-title":"Rotter\u2019in \u0130\u00e7-D\u0131\u015f Kontrol Oda\u011f\u0131 \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011fi (R\u0130DKO\u00d6)\u2018nin \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencileri i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenirli\u011fi ve ge\u00e7erli\u011fi","volume":"7","author":"Da\u011f","year":"1991","journal-title":"Psikoloji Derg."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2012.12.004","article-title":"When dyads act in parallel, a sense of agency for the auditory consequences depends on the order of the actions","volume":"22","author":"Dewey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Conscious. Cogn."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e110118","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110118","article-title":"Do implicit and explicit measures of the sense of agency measure the same thing?","volume":"9","author":"Dewey","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1080\/13694670600615482","article-title":"Locus of control as a mediator of the relationship between religiosity and life satisfaction: age, race, and gender differences","volume":"9","author":"Fiori","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ment. Health Relig. Cult."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.14.4.485","article-title":"The obsessive-compulsive inventory: development and validation of a short version","volume":"14","author":"Foa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol. Assess."},{"key":"ref23","volume-title":"An R companion to applied regression","author":"Fox","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-9991.2007.00067.x","article-title":"The natural philosophy of agency","volume":"2","author":"Gallagher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Philos Compass"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"IFPS irr: Various coefficients of interrater reliability and agreement. (R package version 0.84.1)","author":"Gamer","year":""},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6494.2012.00807.x","article-title":"Agency-communion and self-esteem relations are moderated by culture, religiosity, age, and sex: evidence for the \u201cself-centrality breeds self-enhancement\u201d principle","volume":"81","author":"Gebauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pers"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.12.022","article-title":"Dysfunctional forward model mechanisms and aberrant sense of agency in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"71","author":"Gentsch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2021.114170","article-title":"Did i do that? Cognitive flexibility and self-agency in patients with obsessivecompulsive disorder","volume":"304","author":"Giuliani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-024-02532-1","article-title":"The neural network of sensory attenuation: a neuroimaging meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Gu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Psychon. Bull. Rev."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00037","article-title":"The (not so) changing man: dynamic gender stereotypes in Sweden","volume":"10","author":"Gustafsson Send\u00e9n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2017.14","article-title":"Sense of agency in the human brain","volume":"18","author":"Haggard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2012.02.040","article-title":"Sense of agency","volume":"22","author":"Haggard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1038\/nn827","article-title":"Voluntary action and conscious awareness","volume":"5","author":"Haggard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2021.04.010","article-title":"Sensory attenuation in the absence of movement: differentiating motor action from sense of agency","volume":"141","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"3","article-title":"Beck depresyon envanterinin \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencileri i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli\u011fi, g\u00fcvenirli\u011fi","volume":"7","author":"Hisli","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psikoloji Derg."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000343","article-title":"Gender, \u201cmasculinity,\u201d and \u201cfemininity\u201d: a meta-analytic review of gender differences in agency and communion","volume":"147","author":"Hsu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","article-title":"Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Struct. Equ. Model."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.584145","article-title":"Measuring the sense of agency: a French adaptation and validation of the sense of agency scale (F-SoAS)","volume":"11","author":"Hurault","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"259","author":"Kalender","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"ppcor: Partial and Semi-Partial (Part) Correlation. R Package","author":"Kim","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A guideline of selecting and reporting Intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chiropr. Med."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.570570","article-title":"Disrupted sense of agency as a state marker of first-episode schizophrenia: a large-scale follow-up study","volume":"11","author":"Koz\u00e1kov\u00e1","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psych."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1017\/jmo.2018.18","article-title":"The diversity of professional Canadian Muslim women: faith, agency, and \u201cperforming\u201d identity","volume":"24","author":"Latif","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Manage Organization."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e726","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(22)00172-3","article-title":"Psychological responses, mental health, and sense of agency for the dual challenges of climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic in young people in the UK: an online survey study","volume":"6","author":"Lawrance","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Planet. Health"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/jssr.12655","article-title":"Faith and agency: the relationships between sense of control, socioeconomic status, and beliefs about god","volume":"59","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sci. Study Relig."},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1080\/15299732.2019.1678213","article-title":"Reductions in whole-body ownership in borderline personality disorder - a phenomenological manifestation of dissociation","volume":"21","author":"L\u00f6ffler","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Trauma Dissociation"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104759","article-title":"The sense of agency for brain disorders: a comprehensive review and proposed framework","volume":"139","author":"Malik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0208034","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0208034","article-title":"The multidimensional assessment of interoceptive awareness, version 2 (MAIA-2)","volume":"13","author":"Mehling","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167211411485","article-title":"Power fosters context-independent, analytic cognition","volume":"37","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Personal. Soc. Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13601","article-title":"Sense of agency and its disturbances: a systematic review targeting the intentional binding effect in neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"78","author":"Moccia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.01272","article-title":"What is the sense of agency and why does it matter?","volume":"7","author":"Moore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2011.12.002","article-title":"Intentional binding and the sense of agency: a review","volume":"21","author":"Moore","year":"2012","journal-title":"Conscious. Cogn."},{"key":"ref53","article-title":"\u00c7ok Boyutlu Bedensel Fark\u0131ndal\u0131k De\u011ferlendirmesi-II (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Versiyon)","author":"Munguldar","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref54","volume-title":"Mplus user\u2019s guide. 8th edition","author":"Muth\u00e9n","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1080\/00344087.2023.2268465","article-title":"Faith formation and children\u2019s Agency in the Context of Vietnamese American Catholic families","volume":"118","author":"Nguyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Relig. Educ."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2017.11.002","article-title":"Intentional binding and obsessive compulsive tendencies: a dissociation between indirect and direct measures of the sense of agency","volume":"20","author":"Oren","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Obsessive Compuls. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2016.03.012","article-title":"Things happen: individuals with high obsessive-compulsive tendencies omit agency in their spoken language","volume":"42","author":"Oren","year":"2016","journal-title":"Conscious. Cogn."},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029167","article-title":"Achievement, agency, gender, and socioeconomic background as predictors of postschool choices: a multicontext study","volume":"48","author":"Parker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2010.528483","article-title":"The FAD-plus: measuring lay beliefs regarding free will and related constructs","volume":"93","author":"Paulhus","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pers. Assess."},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1080\/21692327.2017.1422001","article-title":"Reconciling faith and reason: T. H. Green\u2019s theory of human agency","volume":"79","author":"Paylor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Philos. Theol."},{"key":"ref61","article-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/17.4.555","article-title":"The SPQ: a scale for the assessment of schizotypal personality based on DSM-III-R criteria","volume":"17","author":"Raine","year":"1991","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"ref63","article-title":"psych: Procedures for psychological, psychometric, and personality research. (R package version 1.1.4) Northwestern University","author":"Revelle","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref64","article-title":"Broom: converting statistical analysis objects into tidy tibbles","author":"Robinson","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i02","article-title":"Lavaan: an R package for structural equation modeling","volume":"48","author":"Rosseel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"1","article-title":"Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement","volume-title":"Psychological monographs: General and applied","author":"Rotter","year":"1966"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-018-9920-9","article-title":"How are women and men perceived? Structure of gender stereotypes in contemporary Turkey","volume":"40","author":"Sakall\u0131 U\u011furlu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-018-9920-9","article-title":"Stereotypes of single and married women and men in Turkish culture","volume":"40","author":"Sakall\u0131 U\u011furlu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Current Psychol."},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.06.031","article-title":"Neural correlates of disturbance in the sense of agency in schizophrenia: an fMRI study using the \u2018enfacement\u2019 paradigm","volume":"243","author":"Salgado-Pineda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2004.04.003","article-title":"Illusion of sense of self-agency: discrepancy between the predicted and actual sensory consequences of actions modulates the sense of self-agency, but not the sense of self-ownership","volume":"94","author":"Sato","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"ref71","volume-title":"Generalized self-efficacy scale. Measures in Health Psychology: A user\u2019s portfolio causal and control beliefs","author":"Schwarzer","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref72","first-page":"84","article-title":"\u015eizotipal Ki\u015filik \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011finin \u00dcniversite \u00d6\u011frencilerindeki Ge\u00e7erlik ve G\u00fcvenirli\u011fi. [the reliability and validity of schizotypal personality questionnaire (SPQ) in Turkish students.]","volume":"16","author":"\u015eener","year":"2006","journal-title":"Klin. Psikofarmakol. Bul."},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2384","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.12.2384","article-title":"Evidence for sensory prediction deficits in schizophrenia","volume":"162","author":"Shergill","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/1386272","article-title":"A general attribution theory for the psychology of religion","volume":"24","author":"Spilka","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Sci. Study Relig."},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1177\/0022002182013004004","article-title":"Female stereotypes in the United States and Turkey","volume":"13","author":"Sunar","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Cross Cult Psychol"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2008.03.008","article-title":"I move, therefore I am: a new theoretical framework to investigate agency and ownership","volume":"17","author":"Synofzik","year":"","journal-title":"Conscious. Cogn."},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2007.03.010","article-title":"Beyond the comparator model: a multifactorial two-step account of agency","volume":"17","author":"Synofzik","year":"","journal-title":"Conscious. Cogn."},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01552","article-title":"The sense of agency scale: a measure of consciously perceived control over one\u2019s mind, body, and the immediate environment","volume":"8","author":"Tapal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288674","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1288674","article-title":"Temporal binding and sense of agency in major depression","volume":"15","author":"Vogel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Psych."},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2011.11.004","article-title":"Action effect anticipation: neurophysiological basis and functional consequences","volume":"36","author":"Waszak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2024.1427169","article-title":"Measuring general sense of agency: a Japanese adaptation and validation of the sense of agency scale (J-SoAS)","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.2466\/08.PR0.117c25z4","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the obsessive-compulsive inventory-revised in a Turkish analogue sample","volume":"117","author":"Yorulmaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol. Rep."},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01278","article-title":"The sense of agency in autism spectrum disorders: a dissociation between prospective and retrospective mechanisms?","volume":"6","author":"Zalla","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1696418\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T05:45:43Z","timestamp":1768196743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1696418\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"references-count":83,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1696418"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1696418","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"article-number":"1696418"}}