{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:53:24Z","timestamp":1768438404180,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Existing literature lacks studies evaluating the role of health behaviors and Type D personality in relation to musculoskeletal disorder symptoms. This study is the first to analyze these factors, specifically targeting a group at heightened risk of motor system disorders in their future professional roles\u2014physiotherapy students.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess health behaviors, prevalence of Type D personality, perceived stress levels, and depression in the context of musculoskeletal disorder symptoms among physiotherapy students.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 100 students (2nd- and 4th-year) and utilized a custom survey alongside standardized diagnostic tools: the Health Behavior Inventory, DS14, PSS10, and the Beck Depression Inventory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Men reported higher mean scores of unhealthy behaviors than women (Cohen\u2019s d 0.72, moderate effect size;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.006). A stronger Type D personality was associated with a decrease in healthy behaviors, while increased social inhibition correlated with a reduction in unhealthy behaviors. No statistically significant relationships were found between unhealthy behaviors and the presence of musculoskeletal disorder symptoms. Statistically significant positive relationships were found only between negative emotionality and the number of pain complaints (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.20;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.042; 95% CI [0.01, 0.39]) and the general level of musculoskeletal pain (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.20;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.048; 95% CI [&amp;lt;0.01, 0.38]). Perceived stress and depressive symptoms contributed to a reduction in healthy behaviors (0.30\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.50). Additionally, higher levels of Type D personality, particularly in negative emotionality and social inhibition dimensions, were associated with increased stress and greater severity of depressive symptoms (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;gt;\u202f0.50).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings show that gender is associated with health behaviors among students, with male physiotherapy students exhibiting more unhealthy behaviors than female students. Type D personality is associated with health behaviors and may be important for the frequency and severity of musculoskeletal pain symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1710640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T14:54:17Z","timestamp":1768402457000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of health behaviors and Type D personality traits among physiotherapy students in relation to musculoskeletal disorder symptoms"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Magdalena","family":"G\u0119bska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Musculoskeletal System, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie","place":["Szczecin, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Pa\u0142ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practitioner","place":["\u017bary, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Chmielewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Musculoskeletal System, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie","place":["Szczecin, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Weber-Nowakowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Musculoskeletal System, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie","place":["Szczecin, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Seweryn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Dentistry, Uniwersytet Medyczny im Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu","place":["Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bartosz","family":"Dalewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University","place":["Szczecin, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2018.04.005","article-title":"The relationship between type D personality and insomnia","volume":"4","author":"Akram","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Health"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105315573433","article-title":"Type D personality and dietary intake: the mediating effects of coping style","volume":"20","author":"Booth","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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