{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:19:11Z","timestamp":1787170751732,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As cities continue to grow, access to natural environments is becoming more limited, contributing to increased stress levels in urban populations. Panoramic 360\u00b0 videos provide a creative and scalable means of simulating natural environments, potentially reducing stress in city residents under controlled settings. Here, we examined whether short immersive experiences in different urban environments support stress recovery and influence risk-taking behavior.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-six participants were subjected to stress inductions using the threat-of-shock paradigm before viewing 360\u00b0 monoscopic videos of urban walks through a park or a highway, or a minimal-stimulation control video. While participants watched videos using VR headsets, we recorded their heart rate and skin conductance responses. We also collected self-reported stress ratings and assessed risk-taking behavior using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results showed that self-reported stress was significantly lower following the urban park video compared to both the highway and control conditions. Physiologically, heart rate and skin conductance responses were significantly lower during the park conditions compared to the highway conditions, but did not differ significantly between the park and control conditions. No effects of the 360\u00b0 video environments were observed on heart rate variability or risk-taking behavior.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that brief exposure to virtual urban green spaces supports stress recovery following acute stress, particularly relative to highly arousing urban environments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1710257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T04:35:20Z","timestamp":1775018120000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["How virtual urban green spaces influence stress and risk-taking"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sanaz","family":"Dorri Sedeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics","place":["Moscow, Russia"]},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Washington State University","place":["Pullman, WA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Kosonogov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics","place":["Moscow, Russia"]},{"name":"Affective Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadezhda","family":"Kerimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics","place":["Moscow, Russia"]},{"name":"Department of Landscape Architecture, Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering","place":["Saint Petersburg, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly L.","family":"Meidenbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Washington State University","place":["Pullman, WA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasily","family":"Klucharev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics","place":["Moscow, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progress.2011.04.001","article-title":"The dimensions of global urban expansion: estimates and projections for all countries, 2000\u20132050","volume":"75","author":"Angel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog. 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