{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T08:38:08Z","timestamp":1792226288562,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prostate cancer (PCa) patients often suffer from sleep problems. The aims of this study were to compare several questionnaires for measuring sleep problems, to compare the sleep problems of PCa patients with those of the general population, to calculate associations between sleep problems and other variables, and to analyze the factor structure of sleep items.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A sample of 309 PCa patients treated in a German rehabilitation hospital were examined. Their sleep problems were assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Insomnia Sleep Scale (ISI), the Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS), and two single-item measures. In addition, questionnaires on quality of life, anxiety, depression, and fear of cancer recurrence were used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sleep quality in the PCa group was markedly worse than that of the general population, with effect sizes between 0.69 and 0.97. The correlations between the sleep scales ranged from 0.64 to 0.84, which indicates a certain but not complete interchangeability. Sleep problems were associated with anxiety, depression, and fear of cancer recurrence. A principal component analysis yielded three factors underlying the items of the sleep instruments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study confirmed sleep problems in PCa patients. Results obtained by using one specific questionnaire can only be partly generalized to other instruments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1729459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T14:35:07Z","timestamp":1770820507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sleep problems in prostate cancer patients: a comparison of several questionnaires measuring sleep quality"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Hinz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany, University Medical Center Leipzig","place":["Leipzig, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Schulte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Clinic Bad Oexen","place":["Bad Oeynhausen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Friedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany, University Medical Center Leipzig","place":["Leipzig, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Ernst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany, University Medical Center Leipzig","place":["Leipzig, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Petrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz","place":["Mainz, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Mehnert-Theuerkauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany, University Medical Center Leipzig","place":["Leipzig, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/85.5.365","article-title":"The European-Organization-For-Research-And-Treatment-Of-Cancer QLQ-C30 - a quality-of-life instrument for use in international clinical trials in oncology","volume":"85","author":"Aaronson","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1177\/10547738221092146","article-title":"Prevalence of sleep disturbance in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Al Maqbali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Nurs. Res."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9070785","article-title":"Sleep quality among breast and prostate cancer patients: a comparison between subjective and objective measurements","volume":"9","author":"Barsasella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","article-title":"The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research","volume":"28","author":"Buysse","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2020.110245","article-title":"Detection of illness worry in the general population: a specific item on illness rumination improves the Whiteley Index","volume":"138","author":"Carstensen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-017-3927-x","article-title":"Measurements and status of sleep quality in patients with cancers","volume":"26","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-5361-6","article-title":"Sleep disorders associated with risk of prostate cancer: a population-based cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Chung","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S34846","article-title":"Sleep-wake disturbances in cancer patients: narrative review of literature focusing on improving quality of life outcomes","volume":"6","author":"Dickerson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Sci. Sleep"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s11818-017-0147-z","article-title":"A German version of the insomnia severity index","volume":"22","author":"Dieck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Somnologie"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33588","article-title":"Cancer statistics for the year 2020: an overview","volume":"149","author":"Ferlay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-017-3713-9","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index in breast cancer patients","volume":"25","author":"Fontes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2010.11.010","article-title":"Differences in sleep disturbance and fatigue between patients with breast and prostate cancer at the initiation of radiation therapy","volume":"42","author":"Garrett","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pain Symptom Manage."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2016.01.007","article-title":"Influence of sleep disturbances on age at onset and long-term incidence of major cardiovascular events. The MONICA-Brianza and PAMELA cohort studies","volume":"21","author":"Gianfagna","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-4607-z","article-title":"Efficacy of a hypnosis-based intervention to improve well-being during cancer: a comparison between prostate and breast cancer patients","volume":"18","author":"Gr\u00e9goire","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1740-3391-9-4","article-title":"Validation of actigraphy to assess circadian organization and sleep quality in patients with advanced lung cancer","volume":"9","author":"Grutsch","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Circadian Rhythms"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2016.03.008","article-title":"Sleep quality in the general population: psychometric properties of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, derived from a German community sample of 9284 people","volume":"30","author":"Hinz","year":"","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12416","DOI":"10.1111\/ecc.12416","article-title":"The relationship between global and specific components of quality of life, assessed with the EORTC QLQ-C30 in a sample of 2019 cancer patients","volume":"26","author":"Hinz","year":"","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer Care"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2013.879998","article-title":"European reference values for the quality of life questionnaire EORTC QLQ-C30: Results of a German investigation and a summarizing analysis of six European general population normative studies","volume":"53","author":"Hinz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Oncol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3533","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-018-4211-4","article-title":"Quality of life in cancer patients-a comparison of inpatient, outpatient, and rehabilitation settings","volume":"26","author":"Hinz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.12.033","article-title":"Sleep problems in cancer patients: a comparison between the Jenkins Sleep Scale and the single-item sleep scale of the EORTC QLQ-C30","volume":"71","author":"Hofmeister","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960029","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.960029","article-title":"The association between sleep problems and general quality of life in cancer patients and in the general population","volume":"13","author":"Hofmeister","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00651-2","article-title":"The Lancet Commission on prostate cancer: planning for the surge in cases","volume":"403","author":"James","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3109\/21681805.2015.1079796","article-title":"The roles of stress and social support in prostate cancer mortality","volume":"50","author":"Jan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scand. J. Urol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(88)90138-2","article-title":"A scale for the estimation of sleep problems in clinical research","volume":"41","author":"Jenkins","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s41105-018-00201-0","article-title":"Examining the structure validity of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index","volume":"17","author":"Jia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep Biol. Rhythms"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.04.006","article-title":"Standardization of the depression screener patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) in the general population","volume":"35","author":"Kocalevent","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9 - validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-024-08788-6","article-title":"Comparing sleep measures in cancer survivors: self-reported sleep diary versus objective wearable sleep tracker","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-025-09374-0","article-title":"The relationship between frailty and depression in Chinese elderly prostate cancer patients following radical surgery: the mediating effect of sleep disturbances","volume":"33","author":"Liang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.21037\/tau-24-542","article-title":"Insomnia and prostate cancer risk: insights from NHANES and gene correlation analysis","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transl. Androl. Urol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318160d093","article-title":"Validation and standardization of the generalized anxiety disorder screener (GAD-7) in the general population","volume":"46","author":"L\u00f6we","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med. Care"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3365","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-018-4633-z","article-title":"Problems sleeping with prostate cancer: exploring possible risk factors for sleep disturbance in a population-based sample of survivors","volume":"27","author":"Maguire","year":"2019","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3485","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15133485","article-title":"Understanding sleep disturbances in prostate cancer - a scientometric analysis of sleep assessment, aetiology, and its impact on quality of life","volume":"15","author":"Mangar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.1481","article-title":"Fear of cancer progression and cancer-related intrusive cognitions in breast cancer survivors","volume":"18","author":"Mehnert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psycho-Oncology"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.13109\/zptm.2006.52.3.274","article-title":"Progredienzangst bei Brustkrebspatientinnen - validierung der Kurzform des Progredienzangstfragebogens PA-F-KF [Fear of progression in breast cancer patients - validation of the short form of the Fear of Progression Questionnaire (FoP-Q-SF)]","volume":"52","author":"Mehnert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Z. Psychosom. Med. Psychother."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-016-3524-4","article-title":"Sleep disturbances in advanced cancer patients admitted to a supportive\/palliative care unit","volume":"25","author":"Mercadante","year":"2017","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10050832","article-title":"Evaluating patterns and factors related to sleep disturbances in prostate cancer patients","volume":"10","author":"Mondal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.slsci.2016.11.001","article-title":"Instruments to study sleep disorders in climacteric women","volume":"9","author":"Monterrosa-Castro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep Sci."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/34.5.601","article-title":"The insomnia severity index. Psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response","volume":"34","author":"Morin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2018.11.024","article-title":"General population normative data for the EORTC QLQ-C30 health-related quality of life questionnaire based on 15,386 persons across 13 European countries, Canada and the Unites States","volume":"107","author":"Nolte","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.3150","article-title":"Prostate cancer treatments and their side effects are associated with increased insomnia","volume":"22","author":"Savard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psycho-Oncology"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7377","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-021-06282-x","article-title":"Assessment of sleep problems with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the sleep item of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in cancer patients","volume":"29","author":"Schulte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-12-1227-T","article-title":"Sleep disruption among older men and risk of prostate cancer","volume":"22","author":"Sigurdardottir","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14071784","article-title":"Prostate cancer and sleep disorders: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Sparasci","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12708","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12708","article-title":"Self-reported sleep disturbances and prostate cancer morbidity and mortality in Swedish men: a longitudinal study over 40 years","volume":"27","author":"Tan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Sleep Res."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/s11764-014-0383-1","article-title":"The concerns about recurrence questionnaire. Validation of a brief measure of fear of cancer recurrence amongst Danish and Australian breast cancer survivors","volume":"9","author":"Thewes","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cancer Surviv."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.1639","article-title":"Disrupted sleep in breast and prostate cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy: the role of coping processes","volume":"19","author":"Thomas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psycho-Oncology"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2020.109933","article-title":"Measurement invariance, validation and normative data of the Jenkins Sleep Scale-4 (JSS-4) in the German general population across the life span","volume":"130","author":"Tibubos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.24052","article-title":"Sleep quality and prostate cancer aggressiveness: results from the REDUCE trial","volume":"80","author":"Wiggins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.4973","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the insomnia severity index in cancer survivors","volume":"28","author":"Yusufov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psycho-Oncology"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1729459\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T14:35:08Z","timestamp":1770820508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1729459\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1729459"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1729459","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"article-number":"1729459"}}