{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T13:33:43Z","timestamp":1777988023779,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Executive function (EF) skills are integral cognitive processes with strong links to self-regulation and academic success. The post-COVID-19 period has seen an increase in self-reported and diagnosed EF deficits (EFDs). This quality improvement study evaluated the Untapped Learning (UL) program, a personalized, movement and mentorship-based EF program for students aged 11\u201324, who predominantly have self-reported EFDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Students were paired with trained coaches and participated in weekly one-on-one sessions for the duration of one school semester. Sessions included movement and targeted EF skills training. Students completed pre-post surveys assessing five EF skills (organization, planning, communication, task completion, and mentality) across three school semesters in total.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Students enrolled in the program showed significant overall improvements across two out of three semesters in a younger population (11\u201318\u202fyears old,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f222) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.02 Spring and Fall 2023) and in all semesters in a post-secondary (PS) age population (18\u201324\u202fyears old,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f90) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.02 for all semesters). When stratified by sex, males demonstrated greater overall reported improvements than females in both cohorts. Females showed a consistent increase in planning skills in the post-secondary cohorts, indicating potential sex-specific response patterns or survey sensitivity issues.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that movement-based EF coaching programs are associated with self-reported EF skill increases and highlight the need for greater sex-specificity in designing personalized mentorship programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1761762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T12:01:10Z","timestamp":1774872070000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The development and assessment of a movement-based coaching program on executive function skills: an exploratory quality improvement study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Natalie C.","family":"Wilcox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Untapped Learning Inc.","place":["Broomfield, CO, United States"]},{"name":"Pain Chronobiology and Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen\u2019s University","place":["Kingston, ON, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillermo A.","family":"Bautista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Untapped Learning Inc.","place":["Broomfield, CO, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madison A.","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Untapped Learning Inc.","place":["Broomfield, CO, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andre K.","family":"Hoyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Untapped Learning Inc.","place":["Broomfield, CO, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doriana","family":"Taccardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Chronobiology and Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen\u2019s University","place":["Kingston, ON, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hailey G. M.","family":"Gowdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Chronobiology and Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen\u2019s University","place":["Kingston, ON, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emiko E.","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Untapped Learning Inc.","place":["Broomfield, CO, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel E.","family":"Fredricksmeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Untapped Learning Inc.","place":["Broomfield, CO, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tyler G.","family":"Slade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Untapped Learning Inc.","place":["Broomfield, CO, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaqueline R.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinclair Cancer Research Institute, Queen\u2019s University","place":["Kingston, ON, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jim M.","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Untapped Learning Inc.","place":["Broomfield, CO, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandon P.","family":"Slade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Untapped Learning Inc.","place":["Broomfield, CO, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"467","article-title":"ADHD diagnostic trends: increased recognition or overdiagnosis?","volume":"119","author":"Abdelnour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mo. 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