{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:55:39Z","timestamp":1792688139210,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Autonomy and relatedness are essential and universal human needs that are manifested in different cultures with some variations. This study examined situational self-assertion as a behavioral expression in self\u2013other dilemmas among young adults in five different cultures: the United States, China, Korea, Taiwan, and Japan. Four hypothetical self\u2013other dilemma stories were designed to vary in Importance (Low\/High) and participants responded to each scenario with respect to Type of Other (Parent\/Friend). Participants were asked to answer what they would do in these situations, reflecting whether they would prioritize their own needs or those of others. Results indicated self-assertion varied systematically depending on the importance of the situation and who the target other was; more specifically, young adults across cultures were more self-assertive for situations that were highly important to themselves. At the same time, culturally differentiated patterns emerged in how self-assertion was calibrated toward parents and friends. Taken together, these findings highlight self-assertion as a context-sensitive behavioral process through which autonomy and relatedness are jointly negotiated in self-development, rather than as a fixed cultural disposition or a zero-sum trade-off between the two.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1766805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T05:23:05Z","timestamp":1772515385000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Situational self-assertion in self\u2013other dilemmas among young adults in five cultures: negotiations between self and others"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mika","family":"Hirai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of the Sacred Heart","place":["Tokyo, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susie D.","family":"Lamborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Educational Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee","place":["Milwaukee, WI, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Your Perfect Right: Assertiveness and Equality in Your Life and Relationships","author":"Alberti","year":"2008"},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"The Duality of Human Existence.","author":"Bakan","year":"1966"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780190679743.003.0009","article-title":"\u201cGender and Culture,\u201d","volume-title":"The Oxford Handbook of Culture and Psychology","author":"Best","year":"2019"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/17405629.2024.2330734","article-title":"Autonomy in adolescence: a conceptual, developmental and cross-cultural perspective","volume":"21","author":"Beyers","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. 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