{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T04:30:34Z","timestamp":1786595434856,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Heart rate (HR) is widely used to index physiological activation during singing and music performance, yet condition-level mean HR provides limited insight into how physiological regulation unfolds during vocal task execution. This exploratory study examined whether short-timescale changes in HR and acoustic stability form a structured coupling pattern at vocal register transitions, and whether that structure is shared across singers or varies across individuals and task contexts. Twenty-five trained singers completed structured vocal tasks under low-, moderate-, and high-arousal conditions. Analyses focused on Low\u2192 Middle and Middle\u2192 High register-transition events. Short-timescale HR change was represented by the source-to-target difference in signed maximal short-timescale HR slope (\u0394\n                    <jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), whereas acoustic change was represented by the source-to-target difference in the composite acoustic-stability score (\u0394\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Across 150 transition events, 72 were classified as aligned, 77 as opposed, and 1 as a tie. The aligned-minus-opposed proportion difference was \u22120.034, with a participant-cluster bootstrap 95% confidence interval of [\u22120.230, 0.160], providing no evidence for one dominant coupling direction. At the same time, the continuous association between \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic>\n                    and \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    was weakly negative, Pearson's\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    = \u22120.180, with a participant-cluster bootstrap 95% confidence interval of [\u22120.317, \u22120.040]. Individual profiles were heterogeneous, with more than half of the singers showing mixed rather than consistently aligned or opposed coupling. These findings indicate that short-timescale HR fluctuation and acoustic stability are modestly but observably structured at register transitions, without supporting a single dominant group-level coupling direction. Physiological\u2013acoustic coupling in singing is therefore better understood as task- and person-sensitive rather than as a uniform response or fixed physiological target. This event-based framework provides an empirical basis for person-specific regulatory profiling, multimodal performance analysis, and future human-in-the-loop computational approaches to vocal assessment and feedback.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1783731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T04:23:34Z","timestamp":1786595014000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short-timescale heart-rate fluctuation and acoustic stability show structured coupling at register transitions during singing"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Youhe","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Technology University","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200333070-00004","article-title":"Heart rate monitoring: applications and limitations","volume":"33","author":"Achten","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15448","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-18356-9","article-title":"Agreement between two photoplethysmography-based wearable devices for monitoring heart rate during different physical activity situations: a new analysis methodology","volume":"12","author":"Alfonso","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. 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