{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T07:16:53Z","timestamp":1788419813320,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted storytelling is increasingly transforming educational communication and instructional design, particularly in isolated and remote learning environments. However, challenges related to collaboration, meaningful interaction, technological accessibility, and ethical use remain. Drawing on educational psychology, this study investigates how AI-assisted storytelling communication strategies can support cognitive engagement, motivation, creativity, collaboration, and stakeholder engagement in AI-supported educational communication systems. It also examines how digital communication technologies are restructuring instructional design communication and how storytelling can be integrated with AI-mediated communication to address emerging educational challenges.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative study employed narrative interviews with 16 digital instructional designers and AI developers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, case studies, and content analysis of relevant instructional design and educational communication practices. The collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns related to instructional design communication, educational communication, storytelling practices, digital collaboration, and AI-mediated communication.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings indicate that although digital technologies have facilitated communication and collaboration among educational teams, particularly in remote environments, they may also reduce opportunities for deep interpersonal interaction. Technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), WeChat, and VooV Meeting have enhanced communication dynamics but have introduced challenges, including the absence of non-verbal cues and unequal access to technology. Emerging technologies such as AI, Virtual Reality (VR), and Augmented Reality (AR) are reshaping instructional design by creating more engaging learning experiences; however, concerns regarding ethical use, accessibility, equity, and fairness remain. Storytelling emerged as an effective strategy for strengthening educators' engagement, improving understanding, fostering creativity, and promoting stakeholder collaboration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion\/Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest that AI-assisted storytelling can provide a meaningful communication strategy for addressing the collaborative and interactional limitations of digitally mediated educational environments. The study therefore proposes the \"Hybrid Storytelling-Digital Communication (HSDC) Model\", which integrates storytelling with AI-supported digital communication tools to promote meaningful interaction, creativity, collaboration, and stakeholder engagement while addressing ethical, accessibility, and equity concerns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1785568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T06:45:21Z","timestamp":1788417921000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Instructional design communication through AI-assisted storytelling: a hybrid model grounded in educational psychology"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yifan","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Publishing and Printing College","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Zammad","family":"Aslam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Languages, Literacies and Translation, Universiti Sains Malaysia","place":["George Town, Penang, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10798-024-09890-w","article-title":"Effective schematic design phase in design process","volume":"34","author":"Abdullah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Technol. Des. Educ."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104564","article-title":"Empowering EFL writing through digital storytelling: a quasi-experimental assessment of CALF measures and multidimensional engagement","volume":"250","author":"Ajabshir","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Psychol."},{"key":"B3","unstructured":"Akbar\n              M. S.\n            \n            \n              Hussain\n              Z.\n            \n            \n              Sheng\n              Q. Z.\n            \n            \n              Mukhopadhyay\n              S.\n            \n          \n          6G survey on challenges, requirements, applications, key enabling technologies, use cases, AI integration issues and security aspects.\n          \n          2022"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785134","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.785134","article-title":"Phenomenological qualitative methods applied to the analysis of cross-cultural experience in novel educational social contexts","volume":"13","author":"Alhazmi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.36923\/jicc.v24i2.573","article-title":"Elaboration of underpinning methods and data analysis process of directed qualitative content analysis for communication studies","volume":"24","author":"Alyaqoub","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Intercul. Commun."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.36923\/jicc.v23i3.250","article-title":"Elements of spiritual leadership and its relations to leadership communication in imran khan's speeches at international forums","volume":"23","author":"Aslam","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Intercul. Commun."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.51709\/19951272\/Spring2024\/11","article-title":"Social neuroscience approach of persuasion in visual communication(s): a qualitative content analysis of female representations in Pakistani advertisements","volume":"18","author":"Aslam","year":"2024","journal-title":"FWU J. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1007\/s11423-024-10423-4","article-title":"A shared metacognition-focused instructional design model for online collaborative learning environments","volume":"73","author":"Ata\u015f A","year":"2025","journal-title":"Educ. Technol. Res. Dev."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.4135\/9781446221129.n6","article-title":"\u201cSocial Foundations of Thought and Action,\u201d","author":"Bandura","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Health Psychology Reader"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2022.2121727","article-title":"Students' perceptions of an extensive blended learning implementation: The effects of instructional design and interaction","volume":"32","author":"Barbosa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Interact. Learn. Environ."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.3390\/smartcities6050109","article-title":"Harnessing the potential of the metaverse and artificial intelligence for the internet of city things: cost-effective XReality and synergistic AIoT technologies","volume":"6","author":"Bibri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Cities"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s40468-024-00322-z","article-title":"Which one? AI-assisted language assessment or paper format: an exploration of the impacts on foreign language anxiety, learning attitudes, motivation, and writing performance","volume":"14","author":"Biju","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lang. Test. Asia"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16094069231183620","DOI":"10.1177\/16094069231183620","article-title":"From data management to actionable findings: a five-phase process of qualitative data analysis","volume":"22","author":"Bingham","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Methods"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tate.2024.104693","article-title":"Learning to teach: aligning pedagogy and technology in a learning design tool","volume":"148","author":"B\u00f8rte","year":"2024","journal-title":"Teach Teach Educ."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1163\/9789004682580_036","article-title":"\u201cChapter 33: The evolution of instructional design models,\u201d","author":"Branch","year":"2023","journal-title":"AECT at 100"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qual. Res. Psychol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429439698","volume-title":"The Essentials of Instructional Design: Connecting Fundamental Principles with Process","author":"Brown","year":"2019"},{"key":"B18","volume-title":"Acts of MEANING: FOUR LECTURES on Mind and Culture (Vol. 3)","author":"Bruner","year":"1990"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/s11251-014-9339-0","article-title":"Teachers as participatory designers: two case studies with technology-enhanced learning environments","volume":"43","author":"Cober","year":"2015","journal-title":"Instr. Sci."},{"key":"B20","article-title":"AI-Infusion through a three-step model of assignment analysis","author":"Covello","year":"2025","journal-title":"Teach. Repos. AI Infus. Learn."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0142-694X(82)90040-0","article-title":"Designerly ways of knowing","volume":"3","author":"Cross","year":"1982","journal-title":"Des Stud"},{"key":"B22","volume-title":"Designerly Ways of Knowing","author":"Cross","year":"2006"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327965PLI1104_01","article-title":"The\u201d what\u201d and\u201d why\u201d of goal pursuits: human needs and the self-determination of behavior","volume":"11","author":"Deci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychol. Inq."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003288008","volume-title":"Augmentation Technologies and Artificial Intelligence in Technical Communication: Designing Ethical Futures","author":"Duin","year":"2023"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2019.08.002","article-title":"Artificial Intelligence (AI): multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research, practice, and policy","volume":"57","author":"Dwivedi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manage."},{"key":"B26","first-page":"233","article-title":"\u201cAI-Driven IoT systems and corresponding ethical issues,\u201d","volume-title":"AI and Society","author":"Fares","year":"2023"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.24059\/olj.v11i1.1737","article-title":"Online community of inquiry review: Social, cognitive, and teaching presence issues","volume":"11","author":"Garrison","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Asynchronous Learn. Netw."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1007\/s10212-023-00728-y","article-title":"Instructor scaffolding for interaction and online student engagement among a sample of college students in the Philippines: the mediating role of self-regulation","volume":"39","author":"Gopez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Psychol. Educ."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X05279903","article-title":"How many interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and variability","volume":"18","author":"Guest","year":"2006","journal-title":"Field Methods"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961732","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.961732","article-title":"Development and validation of a scale to measure team communication behaviors","volume":"13","author":"Hartner-Tiefenthaler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114523","article-title":"Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: a systematic review of empirical tests","volume":"292","author":"Hennink","year":"2022","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1177\/147059580111002","article-title":"Culture's recent consequences: using dimension scores in theory and research","volume":"1","author":"Hofstede","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Cross Cult. Manag."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-01676-x","article-title":"Generative AI tool use enhances academic achievement in sustainable education through shared metacognition and cognitive offloading among preservice teachers","volume":"15","author":"Iqbal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10963480231205767","DOI":"10.1177\/10963480231205767","article-title":"When \u201cOld\u201d Meets \u201cNew\u201d: unlocking the future of innovative technology implementation in heritage tourism","volume":"49","author":"Jia","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hosp. Tour. Res."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003268291","volume-title":"Towards a Cognitivist Understanding of Communication Design","author":"Jones","year":"2024"},{"key":"B36","first-page":"9","article-title":"Effects of artificial intelligence (AI) and native speaker interlocutors on ESL learners' speaking ability and affective aspects","volume":"25","author":"Kang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Multimedia-Assisted Lang. Learn."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.3390\/land11091383","article-title":"What prevents the adoption of regenerative agriculture and what can we do about it? Lessons and narratives from a participatory modelling exercise in Australia","volume":"11","author":"Kenny","year":"2022","journal-title":"Land"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s40692-020-00170-9","article-title":"Digital storytelling: facilitating learning and identity development","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Comput. Educ."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6069","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10831-6","article-title":"Learning design to support student-AI collaboration: perspectives of leading teachers for AI in education","volume":"27","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Educ. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1108\/IJEM-03-2024-0166","article-title":"Digital access and learning outcomes: a study of equity and inclusivity in distance education","volume":"38","author":"Kulal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Manag."},{"key":"B41","volume-title":"InterViews: An Introduction to Qualitative Research Interviewing","author":"Kvale","year":"1996"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1007\/s12119-019-09667-7","article-title":"Consent as cross-cultural communication: navigating consent in a multicultural world","volume":"24","author":"Levand","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sexuality Cult."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.3233\/JCM-247471","article-title":"Enhancing visual communication design education: integrating AI in collaborative teaching strategies","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Comput. Methods Sci. Eng."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8413","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-024-13036-9","article-title":"Technology in education: Addressing legal and governance challenges in the digital era","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Educ. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-1767(85)90062-8","volume-title":"Naturalistic Inquiry","author":"Lincoln","year":"1985"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2016.09.018","article-title":"Culture and non-verbal expressions of empathy in clinical settings: a systematic review","volume":"100","author":"Lori\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Patient Educ. Couns."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.2174\/9789815124750123010011","article-title":"\u201cArtificial intelligence: future of advance learning,\u201d","volume-title":"Digital Transformation in Education: Emerging Markets and Opportunities","author":"Mariappan","year":"2023"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511816819.004","author":"Mayer","year":"2005"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1080\/14703297.2025.2499177","article-title":"Designing embodied generative artificial intelligence in mixed reality for active learning in higher education","volume":"62","author":"Nguyen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Innov. Educ. Teach. Int."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327590IJHC1501_03","article-title":"Dialogue design-with mutual learning as guiding principle","volume":"15","author":"Nielsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.13121","article-title":"Theorising hybrid lifelong learning","volume":"52","author":"N\u00f8rg\u00e5rd","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. J. Educ. Technol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00345237251317373","DOI":"10.1177\/00345237251317373","article-title":"More-than-human centred reflection: addressing the fiction of reflective practice in teacher education","volume":"123","author":"Oates","year":"2025","journal-title":"Res Educ."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s11528-006-0072-7","article-title":"Design as storytelling","volume":"50","author":"Parrish","year":"2006","journal-title":"TechTrends"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879","article-title":"Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies","volume":"8","author":"Podsakoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1570389","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2025.1570389","article-title":"Integrating artificial intelligence into pre-clinical medical education: challenges, opportunities, and recommendations","volume":"10","author":"Pohn","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Educ."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1080\/17508975.2021.1911776","article-title":"Potential use of augmented reality in pre-contract design communication in construction projects","volume":"14","author":"Rajaratnam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Intell. Build. Int."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721933","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2021.721933","article-title":"The combination of artificial intelligence and extended reality: a systematic review","volume":"2","author":"Reiners","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Virtual. Real."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e09246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e09246","article-title":"Creating positive learning experiences with technology: a field study on the effects of user experience for digital concept mapping","volume":"8","author":"Rohles","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1080\/0142159X.2023.2259071","article-title":"Reflective practice by health professions educators to enhance learning and teaching: AMEE guide No. 166","volume":"46","author":"Sandars","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med. Teach."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315237473","volume-title":"The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action","author":"Sch\u00f6n","year":"2017"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/jade.12490","article-title":"Acknowledging identity and intersectionality\u2014a transformative framework for design education futures","volume":"43","author":"St John","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Art Des. Educ."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4752(94)90003-5","article-title":"Cognitive load theory, learning difficulty, and instructional design","volume":"4","author":"Sweller","year":"1994","journal-title":"Learn. Instr."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1007\/s10758-024-09771-0","article-title":"Drivers of digital realities for ongoing teacher professional learning","volume":"29","author":"Trevisan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tech. Know. Learn."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003377085-7","article-title":"Artificial intelligence, robotics, advanced technologies and human resource management: a systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Vrontis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Resour. Manag."},{"key":"B65","volume-title":"Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes (Vol. 86)","author":"Vygotsky","year":"1978"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2025.105356","article-title":"Enhancing pre-service teachers' reflective thinking skills through generative AI-assisted digital storytelling creation: a three-dimensional framework analysis","volume":"235","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1145\/3565698.3565772","article-title":"\u201cDesign tools for supporting the remote collaborative design process: a systematic review,\u201d","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"proceedings of the tenth international symposium of Chinese CHI"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104478","article-title":"The impact of online interaction and information technology accessibility on academic engagement among international undergraduate students in Chinese universities: the mediating effect of learning interest","volume":"249","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Psychol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2017.01.026","article-title":"Machine learning on big data: Opportunities and challenges","volume":"237","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1207\/s15430421tip4102_2","article-title":"Becoming a self-regulated learner: an overview","volume":"41","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Theory Pract."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1785568\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T06:45:25Z","timestamp":1788417925000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1785568\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1785568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1785568","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-1078"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-1078","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"article-number":"1785568"}}