{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T12:05:17Z","timestamp":1784030717543,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous research has demonstrated that individuals\u2019 levels of self-esteem strongly influence how they regulate and protect their self-esteem. However, it remains unclear to what extent these regulatory strategies are shaped by trainable psychological processes such as decentering and self-compassion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two studies were conducted to investigate the role of decentering and self-compassion in self-esteem regulation. Study 1 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f230) examined whether decentering and self-compassion mediate the relationship between trait self-esteem and self-esteem regulation strategies. In addition, differences between experienced meditators and non-meditators in self-esteem, decentering, self-compassion, self-affirmation and self-protection were explored. Study 2 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f66) employed a randomized controlled design to test the feasibility and preliminary short-term effects of two brief guided audio meditations intended to enhance decentering and self-compassion.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Study 1, multiple regression analyses revealed that decentering was associated with higher self-affirmation, while self-compassion was linked to lower self-protection. Conditional process path analysis further showed that self-esteem was positively associated with both decentering and self-compassion and had a significant indirect effect on self-protection via self-compassion. Moreover, compared to non-meditators, meditators reported higher levels of self-esteem, decentering, and self-compassion. In Study 2, both brief audio-based interventions led to increases in self-compassion and decentering relative to the control condition, with the decentering intervention showing the strongest effects on post-intervention outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings indicate that decentering and self-compassion can be modifiable through brief meditative practices and may play an important role in the regulation of self-esteem. Enhancing these processes may represent a promising target for psychological interventions aimed at improving self-esteem regulation and resilience in individuals vulnerable to mental health problems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1791258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T04:24:13Z","timestamp":1783657453000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The role of decentering and self-compassion in self-esteem regulation: how meditation and metacognition shape the use of self-esteem regulation strategies"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Baran","family":"Kahraman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen","place":["Aachen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Rader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen","place":["Aachen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siegfried","family":"Gauggel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen","place":["Aachen, Germany"]},{"name":"Zentrum f\u00fcr Psychotherapie gGmbH","place":["Chemnitz, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Doernberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen","place":["Aachen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verena","family":"Mainz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen","place":["Aachen, Germany"]},{"name":"Institute for Translational Neuroscience and Clinical Psychology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen","place":["Aachen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenz","family":"Weise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen","place":["Aachen, Germany"]},{"name":"Institute for Translational Neuroscience and Clinical Psychology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen","place":["Aachen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Drueke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen","place":["Aachen, Germany"]},{"name":"Institute for Translational Neuroscience and Clinical Psychology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen","place":["Aachen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10463280802613866","article-title":"Self-enhancement and self-protection: what they are and what they do","volume":"20","author":"Alicke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. 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