{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T06:15:47Z","timestamp":1778134547397,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Depression is common in older adults, often with suboptimal pharmacological responses. Mind-body exercises (MBEs) like Tai Chi, Yoga, and Qigong have emerged as potentially beneficial non-pharmacological interventions. However, existing systematic reviews report heterogeneous findings, necessitating a comprehensive synthesis of the available evidence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect to August 2025, following PRISMA and PRIOR guidelines. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses examining MBEs' effects on depressive symptoms in adults \u226560 years were included. The Corrected Covered Area (CCA) assessed overlap between reviews. Effect sizes were synthesized using random-effects modeling. Quality was assessed via AMSTAR-2 and GRADE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty-five reviews (&amp;gt;20,000 participants) were included, with moderate overlap (CCA = 6.98%). The synthesized evidence suggested moderate reductions in depressive symptoms (pooled SMD = \u22120.51, 95% CI: \u22120.66 to \u22120.35,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.0001). Subgroup analyses showed larger effect sizes for Qigong (SMD = \u22120.49) vs. Yoga (SMD = \u22120.45) and Tai Chi (SMD = \u22120.34). However, substantial heterogeneity was observed (\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 90.89%). Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness. Trim-and-fill adjustment suggested potential publication bias (adjusted SMD = \u22120.40).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This umbrella meta-analysis provides moderate-certainty evidence that MBEs, particularly Qigong, may be associated with reductions in depressive symptoms in older adults, though the substantial heterogeneity (\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 90.89%) across included reviews indicates that pooled estimates should be interpreted as reflecting a general directional trend rather than definitive effect sizes. A quality-stratified sensitivity analysis restricted to High Confidence reviews yielded a stronger and homogeneous effect (SMD = \u22120.62,\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0.0%). However, the predominance of lower-quality reviews and evidence of publication bias necessitate cautious interpretation. These findings provide a directional evidence synthesis to inform future high-quality research rather than definitive clinical recommendations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD420251131812<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , Identifer [PROSPERO 2025 CRD420251131812].\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1806563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T05:42:37Z","timestamp":1778132557000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of mind-body exercises on depressive symptoms in older adults: a comprehensive umbrella review of the evidence"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Fangbo","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingfang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports Media, Guangzhou Sport University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiafu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Adapted Physical Activity + Laboratory, South China Normal University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuecheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Adapted Physical Activity + Laboratory, South China Normal University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zuosheng","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2017-0390","article-title":"Home-based physical activity program improves depression and anxiety in older adults","volume":"15","author":"Agui\u00f1aga","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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