{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T05:12:15Z","timestamp":1778562735173,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy of MBI on depression among family caregivers of dementia patients, and to analyze the impact of intervention duration, follow-up period, and intervention methods on treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Search Embase, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PubMed, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases for randomized controlled trials on MBI for depression in family caregivers of dementia patients. The search period spans from the inception of each journal to November 10, 2025. Meta-analysis, Egger\u2019s test, and sensitivity analysis were performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 12.0 software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 10 RCTs involving 563 participants were included. Meta-analysis results indicated that MBI effectively improved depressive symptoms among family caregivers of dementia patients (SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.66, 95% CI (\u22120.83, \u22120.49),\n                      <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f7.57,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.00001); Follow-up analysis indicated that the intervention remained effective at 3\u202fmonths post-intervention (SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.32, 95% CI (\u22120.62, \u22120.03),\n                      <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f2.13,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05), but no therapeutic effect was observed 6\u202fmonths after the intervention (SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.89, 95% CI (\u22121.88, 0.09),\n                      <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f1.78,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;gt;\u202f0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that 8-week MBSR, mindfulness meditation, and ACT were effective (SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.62, 95% CI (\u22120.85, \u22120.39),\n                      <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f5.24,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.00001), while 10-week MBCT did not demonstrate efficacy (SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.69, 95% CI (\u22121.42, 0.03),\n                      <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f1.88,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;gt;\u202f0.05). GRADE assessment indicated moderate certainty of the evidence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MBI can improve depressive symptoms among family caregivers of dementia patients. The format of mindfulness, treatment duration, and follow-up timing influence the effectiveness of such interventions. Clinicians should prioritize selecting appropriate MBI protocols and formats, along with ensuring continuity of care and follow-up, to safeguard the sustained mental health of this vulnerable population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD420251208383, registration date: November 10, 2025).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1821354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T04:29:30Z","timestamp":1778560170000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effect of mindfulness-based intervention on depression in family caregivers of dementia patients: a meta-analysis and GRADE evaluation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xiameng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Nursing Vocational College","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Nursing Vocational College","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yilin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3708","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13809","article-title":"2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures","volume":"20","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/phn.12678","article-title":"Mindfulness-based stress reduction for family carers of people with dementia","volume":"37","author":"Ang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Public Health Nurs."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1062452","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1062452","article-title":"A mindfulness-based intervention adapted to dementia caregivers: a study protocol for a randomized clinical control trial","volume":"13","author":"Antoniou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. 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