{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T06:22:10Z","timestamp":1783059730948,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current findings from cohort studies examining the association between obesity and cognitive impairment are inconsistent, particularly with regard to central obesity. This study aimed to investigate the prospective associations of Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), and Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) with the risk of cognitive impairment among Chinese elderly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used data from the Zhejiang Healthy Aging Cohort Study (ZHACS), which included 8,443 participants. BMI, WC, and WHR were assessed using a baseline questionnaire that was initiated in 2014. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at baseline and three waves of follow-up (2015, 2016, and 2019\u20132021), with cognitive impairment based on thresholds tailored to participants\u2019 educational backgrounds. Log-binomial regression models adjusted for numerous covariates were used to examine the associations and calculate relative risks (RRs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After 6\u202fyears of follow-up, 3,006 participants (35.60%) showed cognitive impairment at least once, according to the MMSE. BMI-defined underweight was positively associated with cognitive impairment (RR\u202f=\u202f1.15; 95%CI: 1.05\u20131.27). Conversely, inverse associations were identified for central obesity defined by WC and WHR, with estimated effect sizes of 14% (RR\u202f=\u202f0.86; 95%CI: 0.81\u20130.91) and 9% (RR\u202f=\u202f0.91; 95%CI: 0.86\u20130.97), respectively. Participants with both BMI-defined overweight\/obesity and WC\/WHR-defined central obesity had a significant inverse association with cognitive impairment, whereas those with both BMI-defined underweight and WC\/WHR-defined central obesity did not. Stratified analyses indicated that the association of BMI-defined underweight and WHR-defined central obesity with cognitive impairment was more evident among women participants and individuals aged \u226570\u202fyears.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among Chinese older adults, BMI-defined underweight was significantly positively associated with cognitive impairment, whereas WC-defined and WHR-defined central obesity was inversely associated with cognitive impairment, particularly among older adults (\u226570\u202fyears) and women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1833217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T05:40:24Z","timestamp":1783057224000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A 6-year cohort study of the associations of body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio with cognitive impairment in Chinese elderly"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Qianle","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tongxiang Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","place":["Tongxiang, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junfen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Zhejiang Key Lab of Vaccine, Infectious Disease Prevention and Control","place":["Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JunHao","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fudong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Zhejiang Key Lab of Vaccine, Infectious Disease Prevention and Control","place":["Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2662","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16814","article-title":"Changes in body mass index are related to faster cognitive decline among African American older adults","volume":"68","author":"Aiken-Morgan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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