{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T05:21:37Z","timestamp":1787721697534,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been demonstrated to enhance emotional functioning, but little is known regarding the brief mindfulness training\u2019s effects on various psychological symptoms and positive psychological resources in the long term, especially when compared to both passive and active control conditions. This study aimed to examine the effects of brief mindfulness training on psychological symptoms compared with active and passive control conditions across three time points.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study was designed as three-wave longitudinal, three-arm randomized controlled trial. (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f180) participants were randomly grouped into mindfulness training group (MG), breathing relaxation group (active control, ACG), and no-treatment control group (passive control, PCG). The psychological outcomes (anxiety, depression, state and trait mindfulness, attentional control, emotional intelligence, and psychological resilience) were determined at baseline (T1), post-intervention (T2), and 2\u202fweeks follow-up (T3). Psychological outcomes were assessed using validated self-report instruments, including the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), State Mindfulness Scale (SMS), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire\u2013Short Form (FFMQ-SF), Attentional Control Scale (ACS), Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS), and Connor\u2013Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Repeated-measures ANOVAs were used to test Group\u202f\u00d7\u202fTime effects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were no significant differences in baseline between groups. There was a significant Group\u202f\u00d7\u202fTime interaction in all the measured outcomes. The mindfulness group (MG) compared to both control groups had greater post-intervention anxiety and depression reductions and state and trait mindfulness, attentional control, emotional intelligence, and resilience increases. The ACG showed slight within-group changes but not better than the PCG.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Brief mindfulness training had specific, time-varying changes in psychological symptoms and positive psychological resources. These results suggest that mindfulness has more than a general relaxation or engagement effect, which demonstrates its effectiveness as an intervention that can redefine the psychological functioning by using dynamic, targeted attentional regulation processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1836930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T04:49:10Z","timestamp":1787719750000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Psychological trajectories following brief mindfulness training: a longitudinal comparison of active and passive controls"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Weiqiang","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Humanities and Medicine, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]},{"name":"GZU-ZMU Joint Laboratory of Brain Intelligence Development and Applied Ethics","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Humanities and Medicine, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Humanities and Medicine, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maodan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Humanities and Medicine, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yichun","family":"Zhuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Humanities and Medicine, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weifu","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Humanities and Medicine, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Humanities and Medicine, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiyong","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Humanities and Medicine, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]},{"name":"GZU-ZMU Joint Laboratory of Brain Intelligence Development and Applied Ethics","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Kou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Humanities and Medicine, Zunyi Medical University","place":["Zunyi, China"]},{"name":"GZU-ZMU Joint Laboratory of Brain Intelligence Development and Applied Ethics","place":["Zunyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2025.116473","article-title":"Effectiveness of mindfulness based interventions in reducing depressive symptoms across mental disorders: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"348","author":"Alkan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1440-1614.2006.01794.x","article-title":"Mindfulness-based psychotherapies: a review of conceptual foundations, empirical evidence and practical considerations","volume":"40","author":"Allen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aust. 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