{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T06:31:02Z","timestamp":1786516262819,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the associations among personality traits, learning behaviors, and learning outcomes in virtual simulation training among standardized training nurses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was used. In the quantitative phase, 128 nurses completed a virtual simulation program on geriatric fall management. Knowledge was assessed before and after training, personality was measured using the Big Five Inventory-2, and learning behaviors were obtained from the platform. Hierarchical regression was performed with post-test knowledge as the outcome. In the qualitative phase, 17 participants underwent interviews using the Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Post-test knowledge scores were significantly higher than pre-test scores (78.44\u202f\u00b1\u202f7.28 vs. 70.93\u202f\u00b1\u202f7.21,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). The final regression model explained 57.3% of the variance in post-test knowledge. Baseline knowledge, number of learning sessions (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.30,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001), and average simulation scores (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.25,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.001) remained significant, whereas the five personality dimensions did not. Qualitative findings identified five constructs: learning support, knowledge construction, emotional experience, learning motivation, and external learning pressure. Conscientiousness was associated with planning and repetition, Neuroticism with anxiety and time pressure, and Agreeableness with peer support.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Virtual simulation training was associated with improved fall-management knowledge. Learning behaviors were more proximal correlates of knowledge outcomes than personality traits, while personality differences may be reflected in distinct behavioral, emotional, and interpersonal patterns of engagement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1876039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T05:56:34Z","timestamp":1786514194000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Personality-related learning pathways in virtual simulation: a theory-informed mixed-methods study among standardized training nurses"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zhonglei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College","place":["Nanchong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xixi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suining Central Hospital","place":["Suining, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College","place":["Nanchong, China"]},{"name":"Zigong Fourth People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Zigong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luyao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College","place":["Nanchong, China"]},{"name":"People\u2019s Hospital of Leshan","place":["Leshan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunxia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College","place":["Nanchong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suining Central Hospital","place":["Suining, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-025-03038-4","article-title":"Virtual reality simulation for high-risk neonatal emergency nursing training: a mixed-methods study on nurse competency and outcomes","volume":"24","author":"Alruwaili","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Nurs."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2673","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2673","article-title":"The role of neuroticism and conscientious facets in academic motivation","volume":"12","author":"Apostolov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Social Foundations of Thought and action","author":"Bandura","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e28107","article-title":"A social network analysis of college students\u2019 online learning during the epidemic era: a triadic reciprocal determinism perspective","volume":"10","author":"Chai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2025.113163","article-title":"Big five personality traits and university students\u2019 academic performance: a meta-analysis","volume":"240","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Personal. 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