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Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As research on music and health expands across disciplines, inconsistent terminology limits communication, replication, and mechanistic discovery. The absence of a shared lexicon obscures comparisons across studies and hinders identification of the specific music-based intervention (MBI) components and mechanistic pathways responsible for change in health-related outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To address this gap, a multidisciplinary working group representing four U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) U24 Music Research Networks developed and validated the Music-Based Intervention (MBI) Taxonomy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using an iterative, expert consensus process, the working group developed an initial framework of MBI components, terms, and definitions. The draft taxonomy was subsequently validated, interrogated, and refined through a two-part systematic review of 200 studies, including 100 clinical MBI and 100 laboratory-based music studies, using a phased, iterative, consensus-based process.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The resulting taxonomy provides a hierarchical framework comprising seven core constructs of MBIs: Music Features; Person-Specific Music Factors; Engagement Mode; Music Delivery Factors; Social and Environmental Contexts; Music Selection; and Additional Non-Music Components. Across these constructs the taxonomy specifies components, subcomponents, recommended terminology, and definitions to support the conceptualization and description of mechanistic music research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The MBI Taxonomy aims to improve the consistency and transparency of MBI components, support mechanistic study conceptualization and design, and facilitate replication and cross-study synthesis. As a comprehensive meta-framework, it serves as a foundational tool to help overcome disciplinary silos and foster a more cohesive, rigorous body of mechanistic music research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1876240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T05:52:09Z","timestamp":1788933129000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A taxonomic framework of music-based intervention components to guide research: recommendations from the NIH U24 music research networks"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sheri L.","family":"Robb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Indiana University","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United States"]},{"name":"School of Medicine, Indiana University","place":["Indianapolis, IN, United 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