{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:49:53Z","timestamp":1791352193303,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intergenerational trauma research has often treated transmission as unidirectional and static, overlooking dyadic and reciprocal processes. This study applied a three-wave longitudinal Actor\u2013Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) to examine bidirectional associations between parental trauma-related symptoms and adolescent emotion regulation (ER) difficulties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 247 parent\u2013adolescent dyads from Syrian refugee and Jordanian host-community families in Jordan completed three waves over six months. Parents reported lifetime trauma at T1; both parents and adolescents reported ER difficulties at T1, T2, and T3. Distinguishable-dyad APIMs estimated autoregressive, actor, and partner effects with FIML and covariates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parental trauma at T1 significantly predicted offspring ER difficulties at T2 (\u03b2 = 0.23), mediated longitudinally by parent ER at T2. Offspring ER at T1 also predicted parent ER at T2 (\u03b2 = 0.12), but this child-driven effect did not persist to T3. Refugee status did not moderate the transmission paths.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intergenerational trauma appears to operate as a dynamically co-constructed dyadic process. Findings support process-focused, dyadic interventions rather than treating adolescents in isolation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1882113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:49:40Z","timestamp":1791348580000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal associations between parental trauma-related symptoms and adolescent emotion regulation: a three-wave dyadic analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shooroq","family":"Maberah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Family Counseling, College of Educational Sciences, Jadara University","place":["Irbid, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Abu Al-Rub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Jadara University","place":["Irbid, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1037\/fam0000224","article-title":"Power analysis for the actor-partner interdependence model","volume":"31","author":"Ackerman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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