{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T14:56:42Z","timestamp":1790607402046,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In preschool children, teacher\u2013child relationships and psychological resilience\u2014particularly its self-regulation component\u2014have been identified as important correlates of behavioral problems. However, the nature of their relationship and the mechanism of their interaction still require further understanding and exploration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Drawing on teacher-reported questionnaires, this two-wave longitudinal study (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 240 Chinese left-behind preschool children, 1-year interval) assessed teacher\u2013child relationships (closeness and conflict), three facets of resilience (initiative, self-regulation, and attachment\/relationships), and behavioral problems. Cross-lagged panel models were employed to examine the longitudinal associations between teacher\u2013child relationships and resilience, and mediation analyses tested whether self-regulation mediated the link between teacher\u2013child relationships and behavioral problems.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Contrary to expectations, the cross-lagged effects were unidirectional: children's resilience (as reported by teachers) was longitudinally associated with subsequent teacher\u2013child relationships, but not the reverse. Self-regulation mediated both concurrent and longitudinal associations between teacher\u2013child closeness\/conflict and behavioral problems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that self-regulation may serve as a mechanism linking teacher\u2013child relationship quality to behavioral outcomes in left-behind preschool children, although the correlational design precludes causal inferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1885244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T05:35:57Z","timestamp":1788845757000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal associations between teacher\u2013child relationships, resilience, and behavioral problems among preschool children"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Lanlan","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Business School, Central University of Finance and Economics","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Rule of Law and Standards in Education, China National Academy of Educational Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanzhen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.21009\/JPUD.171.02","article-title":"The impact of father involvement in the early childhood problematic behavior","volume":"17","author":"Aisyah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428121999096","article-title":"A robust bootstrap test for mediation analysis","volume":"25","author":"Alfons","year":"2021","journal-title":"Organ. 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