{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T06:12:34Z","timestamp":1788502354797,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Coeducational physical education (PE) may reproduce or challenge gender norms depending on the quality of students\u2019 interactions with other-gender peers. This four-wave longitudinal study examined between-person and within-person prospective associations between other-gender peer contact quality in PE (CQ) and endorsement of gender-stereotypical trait norms (GST). Participants were 1,376 students from 20 primary and secondary schools in Chengdu, China, assessed from March 2025 to January 2026. After longitudinal measurement invariance was established, a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model separated stable between-person differences from time-specific within-person deviations. The CQ and GST random intercepts were negatively correlated (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f=\u202f\u22120.287,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). In the freely estimated model, higher-than-usual CQ was associated with lower-than-usual GST at the next wave (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f=\u202f\u22120.197, \u22120.133, and \u22120.151; all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f\u2264\u202f0.001), whereas the reverse paths were nonsignificant (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f=\u202f0.013, 0.001, and 0.030). Equality constraints across intervals were compatible with the data, scaled \u0394\u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    (8)\u202f=\u202f1.869,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f=\u202f0.985. Direct Wald tests showed that the CQ-to-GST paths were more negative than the corresponding reverse paths, \u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    (3)\u202f=\u202f44.574,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001. The pattern remained in a 44-indicator multiple-indicator RI-CLPM and after removal of the CQ equality item. Full metric and scalar invariance held across boys and girls, and no statistically detectable sex-group differences emerged in either cross-lagged direction. The findings indicate a temporally asymmetric prospective association in the pooled sample. Causal, developmental-stage, and classroom-level interpretations remain limited by the observational design and unavailable age, grade, and clustering identifiers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1923110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T05:29:25Z","timestamp":1788499765000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal dynamics between other-gender peer contact quality and gender-stereotypical trait norms in coeducational physical education: a four-wave random-intercept cross-lagged panel study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Dongyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education, Southwest Petroleum University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianlin","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Management, Shinawatra University","place":["Pathum Thani, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochuan","family":"Hang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Nanjing Medical University","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1109\/tac.1974.1100705","article-title":"A new look at the statistical model identification","volume":"19","author":"Akaike","year":"1974","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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