{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:04:08Z","timestamp":1790661848100,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Teaching combines intense interpersonal demands with administrative and digital workload, and in Kazakhstan more than four fifths of schoolteachers are women, which makes burnout in this group a gender-relevant occupational health and wellbeing concern. Evidence from Central Asia remains scarce, and the performance of the Russian-language Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey (MBI-ES) in this population had not been formally examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a cross-sectional study conducted between October and December 2025, 323 women teachers recruited by convenience in general education schools in three Kazakhstani cities completed the MBI-ES, the state scale of the Spielberger State\u2013Trait Anxiety Inventory, and a structured questionnaire covering employment, workload, social-psychological, lifestyle, and digital factors. We split the sample at random, examined the structure in one half and confirmed it in the other, compared the three-factor model against one-factor, two-factor, and bifactor alternatives, tested measurement invariance, and fitted hierarchical regression models built on the job demands-resources framework.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The correlated three-factor model outperformed one-factor and two-factor alternatives and fitted the validation subsample well (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/df\u202f=\u202f1.69; CFI\u202f=\u202f0.955; RMSEA\u202f=\u202f0.065; SRMR\u202f=\u202f0.080). A bifactor model fitted better on global indices but yielded a degenerate exhaustion-specific factor and negative general loadings for accomplishment items, so we retained three factors. Loadings and intercepts were invariant across the random halves; across cities loadings held but intercepts did not. Subscale reliability was high (\u03b1 0.918 to 0.963). Job demands added 35.1% of explained variance in emotional exhaustion beyond background characteristics, resources a further 6.6%; perceived work stress, state anxiety, and low physical activity remained independent correlates in the full model (adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.630). Depersonalization was associated with conflict, work stress, isolation, and an unfavorable collegial climate (adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.443), and personal accomplishment gave the weakest model (adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.170). Demographic and formal workload characteristics contributed little.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Russian-language MBI-ES performs acceptably in women schoolteachers in Kazakhstan. In this convenience sample, burnout was associated more closely with appraised psychosocial working conditions than with formal job parameters. The cross-sectional design supports no causal inference, and the findings apply to women teachers in three urban settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1945234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:48:33Z","timestamp":1790660913000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Occupational burnout in women schoolteachers in Kazakhstan: psychometric evaluation and psychosocial correlates within the job demands-resources framework"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Nurlan","family":"Smagulov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology and Geography, Buketov Karaganda National Research University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olzhas","family":"Zhamantayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Karaganda Medical University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayaulym","family":"Arystanbay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology and Geography, Buketov Karaganda National Research University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Lysakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kozybayev University","place":["Petropavlovsk, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitry","family":"Ageev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology and Geography, Buketov Karaganda National Research University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gulzhazira","family":"Turlybekova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology and Geography, Buketov Karaganda National Research University","place":["Karaganda, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2018.09.041","article-title":"Teacher burnout in pre-schools: a cross-cultural factorial validity, measurement invariance and latent mean comparison of the MBI-ES","volume":"94","author":"Aboagye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Youth Serv. 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