{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:08:01Z","timestamp":1790140081758,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collegiate basketball referees necessitate swift information processing and precise decision-making under duress, with working memory serving as a fundamental cognitive function. Investigations into cognitive training for referees are still few.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This randomised controlled trial investigated the impact of an 8-week working memory training program on decision-making among 28 collegiate basketball referees (ages 19\u201322), who were allocated to either an experimental group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f14) or a control group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f14). The accuracy of decision-making, response time, and working memory capacity were evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The experimental group exhibited notable enhancements in decision-making accuracy, especially with cognitive decisions; diminished response times; and augmented working memory capacity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Working memory training improves cognitive efficiency in collegiate basketball referees with limited officiating experience, facilitating quicker and more precise officiating decisions under laboratory static-image testing conditions. These observed medium-sized effects are sample-specific and should not be generalized to professional elite referees. Targeted cognitive training may function as an effective strategy to enhance officiating performance for this specific population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1946720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T04:51:55Z","timestamp":1790139115000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effects of working memory training on decision-making in collegiate basketball referees: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Nanjing University of Finance & Economics","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taicang Experimental High School","place":["Taicang, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiulin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University","place":["Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2025.102908","article-title":"Response suppression and decision-making in association football referees","volume":"80","author":"Albaladejo-Garc\u00eda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Psychol. 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