{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T04:50:22Z","timestamp":1791521422297,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to examine the moderating role of athletic mental energy in the relationship between pessimism and athlete burnout among athletes participating in the Turkish University Athletics Championships.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A correlational research design was employed in this study. The sample consisted of 235 track and field athletes, including 85 female and 150 male athletes. Data were collected using the Athletic Mental Energy Scale, the Sport Pessimism Scale, the Athlete Burnout Scale, and a Personal Information Form. Pearson\u2019s correlation analysis and moderation analysis using Hayes\u2019 PROCESS macro were conducted to analyze the data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The research findings revealed a significant positive association between pessimism and athlete burnout (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.334,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01). Athlete burnout was also significantly and negatively associated with the vigor (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f\u22120.171,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01) and motivation (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f\u22120.159,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05) dimensions of athletic mental energy. Furthermore, athletic mental energy (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f\u22120.940, \u0394\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.018,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05) exerted a significant negative moderating effect on the relationship between pessimism and athlete burnout. Among its subdimensions, confidence (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f\u22121.002, \u0394\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.029,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05), tirelessness (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f\u22120.914, \u0394\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.031,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01), and concentration (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f\u22121.096, \u0394\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.039,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01) also demonstrated significant negative moderating effects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings indicate that the effect of pessimism on athlete burnout varies according to the levels of athletic mental energy, self-confidence, tirelessness, and concentration. Specifically, as levels of athletic mental energy, self-confidence, tirelessness, and concentration increased, the effect of pessimism on athlete burnout progressively weakened. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of athletic mental energy on pessimism and athlete burnout using longitudinal study designs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1968065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T04:25:49Z","timestamp":1791519949000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The moderating role of athletic mental energy in the relationship between pessimism and burnout among athletes competing in university sports competitions"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ferhat","family":"\u00c7if\u00e7i","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports, Dicle University","place":["Diyarbak\u0131r, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ersin","family":"Ball\u0131kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00fcseyin G\u00fcvercin Secondary School","place":["Mersin, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdurrahman","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University","place":["Osmaniye, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.7752\/jpes.2016.01027","article-title":"Role of psychological factors on the performance of elite soccer players","volume":"16","author":"Abdullah","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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