{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T23:45:51Z","timestamp":1782603951627,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,7]],"date-time":"2014-04-07T10:13:29Z","timestamp":1396865609000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Drug Injection to Sites other than Arm: A Study of Iranian Heroin Injectors"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Mehrdad","family":"Karimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hafez","family":"Ghaheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shervin","family":"Assari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khodabakhsh","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Moghani Lankarani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Moghani Lankarani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hooman","family":"Narenjiha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Rafiey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmood","family":"Tavakoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Firoozeh","family":"Jafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-010-9269-y","article-title":"Recent incarceration linked to cutaneous injection-related infections among active injection drug users in a Canadian setting","volume":"35","author":"Milloy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Community Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2008.00581.x","article-title":"Cutaneous complications among i.v. buprenorphine users","volume":"36","author":"Ho","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1007\/s00104-005-1042-x","article-title":"Injection site abscesses in intravenous drug users. Frequency of associated complications related to localisation","volume":"76","author":"Pfefferkorn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chirurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.05607.x","article-title":"Cutaneous complications of intravenous drug abuse","volume":"150","author":"Del Giudice","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1159\/000068458","article-title":"31-year-old injection drug user with massive skin necrosis and shock","volume":"206","author":"Hengge","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"B6","volume-title":"Classifying Skin Lesions of Injection Drug Users: A Method for Corroborating Disease Risk","author":"Cagle","year":"2002"},{"issue":"7","key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.87.7.1233","article-title":"Learning to recognize scarring among intravenous drug users: a tool for HIV risk reduction","volume":"87","author":"Horowitz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-10-199311150-00009","article-title":"The medical complications of drug addiction and the medical assessment of the intravenous drug user: 25 years later","volume":"119","author":"Cherubin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02600544","article-title":"Medical complications of intravenous drug use","volume":"5","author":"Stein","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7517-2-6","article-title":"Use of the femoral vein (\u00e2\u20ac\u02dcgroin injecting\u00e2\u20ac\u2122) by a sample of needle exchange clients in Bristol, UK","volume":"2","author":"Maliphant","year":"2005","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(00)00161-7","article-title":"Physical injecting sites among injecting drug users in Sydney, Australia","volume":"62","author":"Darke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7517-6-21","article-title":"Needle and syringe sharing among Iranian drug injectors","volume":"6","author":"Rafiey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"issue":"3","key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580902849017","article-title":"Substance-dependent professional drivers in Iran: a descriptive study","volume":"10","author":"Narenjiha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Traffic Inj Prev"},{"key":"B14","volume-title":"Rapid Situation Assessment of Drug Abuse in Iran","author":"Razzaghi","year":"1999"},{"key":"B15","volume-title":"Social Epidemiology","year":"2000"},{"key":"B16","volume-title":"The New Zealand Census-Mortality Study: Socioeconomic Inequalities and Adult Mortality 1991-94","author":"Blakely","year":"2002"},{"key":"B17","article-title":"The global distribution of risk factors by poverty: a complementary CRA","volume-title":"Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors","author":"Blakely","year":"2004"},{"key":"B18","first-page":"109","article-title":"Socioeconomic position is more than just NZ Dep","volume":"115","author":"Blakely","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"issue":"11","key":"B19","first-page":"511","article-title":"Socio-economic and demographic factors associated with injecting drug use among drug users in Karachi, Pakistan","volume":"53","author":"Agha","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2009.01.004","article-title":"Association between neighbourhood socioeconomic characteristics and high-risk injection behaviour amongst injection drug users living in inner and other city areas in Montr\u00c3\u00a9al, Canada","volume":"21","author":"G\u00c3\u00a9n\u00c3\u00a9reux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200301010-00013","article-title":"Social circumstances of initiation of injection drug use and early shooting gallery attendance: implications for HIV intervention among adolescent and young adult injection drug users","volume":"32","author":"Fuller","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7517-4-7","article-title":"High risk behaviors of injection drug users registered with harm reduction programme in Karachi, Pakistan","volume":"4","author":"Altaf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"issue":"4","key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2003.02178","article-title":"Effects of race, neighborhood, and social network on age at initiation of injection drug use","volume":"95","author":"Fuller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/976035","article-title":"The age of initiation of drug use and sexual behavior may influence subsequent HIV risk behavior: a systematic review","author":"Baldwin","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISRN AIDS"},{"issue":"6","key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2010.01180.x","article-title":"Drinking against unpleasant emotions: possible outcome of early onset of alcohol use?","volume":"34","author":"Buchmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1177\/155005940904000110","article-title":"The influence of substance use on adolescent brain development","volume":"40","author":"Squeglia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin EEG Neurosci"},{"issue":"10","key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800831005","article-title":"Vascular complications of injecting drug misuse","volume":"83","author":"Woodburn","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1947-1-40","article-title":"Femoral vein thrombophlebitis and septic pulmonary embolism due to a mixed anaerobic infection including Solobacterium moorei: a case report","volume":"2","author":"Martin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Med Case Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)44750-1","article-title":"Localized gangrene of the scrotum and penis: a complication of heroin injection into the femoral vessels","volume":"136","author":"Somers","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Urol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]],"date-time":"2019-08-09T08:51:36Z","timestamp":1565340696000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00023\/abstract"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,7]]},"references-count":29,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,7]]}}}