{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T22:31:19Z","timestamp":1788561079477,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]],"date-time":"2018-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539648000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]],"date-time":"2018-10-16T07:21:20Z","timestamp":1539674480000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The Contribution of Sex, Personality Traits, Age of Onset and Disorder Duration to Behavioral Addictions"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Susana","family":"Valero-Sol\u00eds","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roser","family":"Granero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor","family":"Steward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gemma","family":"Mestre-Bach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00faria","family":"Mallorqu\u00ed-Bagu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Mart\u00edn-Romera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neus","family":"Aymam\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"G\u00f3mez-Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amparo","family":"del Pino-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Ba\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Moragas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Mench\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Murcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2014.04.003","article-title":"Sex differences in addictive disorders","volume":"35","author":"Fattore","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2010.491884","article-title":"Introduction to behavioral addictions","volume":"36","author":"Grant","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abus"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371305800503","article-title":"A targeted review of the neurobiology and genetics of behavioural addictions: an emerging area of research","volume":"58","author":"Leeman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatr."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-013-0386-8","article-title":"The functional anatomy of impulse control disorders","volume":"13","author":"Probst","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2014.09.005","article-title":"Behavioral addictions","volume":"30","author":"Robbins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.110","article-title":"Neurocircuitry of addiction","volume":"35","author":"Koob","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2009.09.023","article-title":"Multiple addictive behaviors in young adults: student norms for the shorter PROMIS questionnaire","volume":"35","author":"MacLaren","year":"2010","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2012.07.024","article-title":"Addictions comportementales","volume":"41","author":"Guillou-Landr\u00e9at","year":"2012","journal-title":"Press Medicale"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371005500804","article-title":"Subtyping study of a pathological gamblers sample","volume":"55","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Moya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatr."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2015.04.007","article-title":"Age at onset of DSM-IV pathological gambling in a non-treatment sample: early- versus later-onset","volume":"60","author":"Black","year":"2015","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatr."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-015-9537-y","article-title":"Mediational role of age of onset in gambling disorder, a path modeling analysis","volume":"32","author":"Jimenez-Murcia","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gambl Stud"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12461","article-title":"Differences between early-onset pathological gambling and later-onset pathological gambling: data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC)","volume":"109","author":"Verdura","year":"2014","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.07.028","article-title":"Characteristics of online compulsive buying in Parisian students","volume":"39","author":"Duroy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.11.080","article-title":"Measuring compulsive buying behaviour: psychometric validity of three different scales and prevalence in the general population and in shopping centres","volume":"225","author":"Maraz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.04.012","article-title":"Prevalence and construct validity of compulsive buying disorder in shopping mall visitors","volume":"228","author":"Maraz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.12111","article-title":"Compulsive buying","volume":"24","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Addict"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/0163278710380124","article-title":"Prevalence of the addictions: a problem of the majority or the minority?","volume":"34","author":"Sussman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eval Health Prof."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2010.04.021","article-title":"Latent profile analysis and comorbidity in a sample of individuals with compulsive buying disorder","volume":"178","author":"Mueller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s10879-009-9118-4","article-title":"Videogame addiction and its treatment","volume":"39","author":"Griffiths","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Contemp Psychother"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2010.491879","article-title":"Computer and video game addiction-A comparison between game users and non-game users","volume":"36","author":"Weinstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2011.0248","article-title":"The prevalence of problematic video gamers in the netherlands","volume":"15","author":"Haagsma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2016.0451","article-title":"Delay discounting of video game players: comparison of time duration among gamers","volume":"20","author":"Buono","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-014-9489-y","article-title":"Awareness of risk factors for digital game addiction: interviewing players and counselors","volume":"12","author":"Kneer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Addict"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.5.2016.081","article-title":"Delay discounting, risk-taking, and rejection sensitivity among individuals with internet and video gaming disorders","volume":"5","author":"Weinstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.04.009","article-title":"Gender-related differences in the associations between sexual impulsivity and psychiatric disorders","volume":"55","author":"Erez","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2010.503823","article-title":"Sexual addictions","volume":"36","author":"Garcia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13297","article-title":"Should compulsive sexual behavior be considered an addiction?","volume":"111","author":"Kraus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13366","article-title":"Diagnosis of hypersexual or compulsive sexual behavior can be made using ICD-10 and DSM-5 despite rejection of this diagnosis by the American Psychiatric Association","volume":"111","author":"Krueger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.4.2015.004","article-title":"Neurocognitive findings in compulsive sexual behavior: a preliminary study","volume":"4","author":"Derbyshire","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Behav Addict"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2014.10.002","article-title":"Sex addiction and gambling disorder: similarities and differences","volume":"56","author":"Farr\u00e9","year":"2015","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatr"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PAID.2012.05.005","article-title":"Hypersexuality in college students: the role of psychopathy","volume":"53","author":"Kastner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"B32","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders.","author":"American","year":"2013"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PetryN Behavioral Addictions: DSM-5? Beyond2015","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780199391547.001.0001"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032816-045120","article-title":"Behavioral addictions as mental disorders: to be or not to be?","volume":"14","author":"Petry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Rev Clin Psychol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.1.180","article-title":"Reliability, validity, and classification accuracy of a measure of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling","volume":"160","author":"Stinchfield","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatr."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s10899-008-9104-x","article-title":"Reliability, validity, and classification accuracy of a spanish translation of a measure of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling","volume":"25","author":"Jim\u00e9nez-Murcia","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gambl Stud"},{"key":"B37","first-page":"242","article-title":"Compulsive buying: a report of 20 cases","volume":"55","author":"McElroy","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatr."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1007\/s00278-010-0725-z","article-title":"Compulsive buying","volume":"24","author":"Muller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Addict"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/casp.2450050307","article-title":"Computer game playing in adolescence: prevalence and demographic indicators","volume":"5","author":"Griffiths","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Community Appl Soc Psychol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1998.82.2.475","article-title":"Dependence on computer games by adolescents","volume":"82","author":"Griffiths","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"key":"B41","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edn.","year":"2000"},{"key":"B42","volume-title":"The Temperament and Character Inventory\u2013Revised","author":"Cloninger","year":"1999"},{"key":"B43","first-page":"8","article-title":"Temperament and Character Inventory Revised (TCI-R)","volume":"32","author":"Gutierrez-Zotes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Actas Espa\u00f1olas Psiquiatr"},{"key":"B44","volume-title":"SCL-90-R. Administration, scoring and procedures manual","author":"Derogatis","year":"1990"},{"key":"B45","volume-title":"SCL-90-R. Cuestionario de 90 S\u00edntomas-Manual","author":"Derogatis","year":"2002"},{"key":"B46","volume-title":"Protocols De Tractament Cognitivoconductual Pel Joc Patol\u00f2gic I D'altres Addiccions No T\u00f2xiques.","author":"Jim\u00e9nez-Murcia","year":"2006"},{"key":"B47","volume-title":"Four Factor Index of Social Status","author":"Hollingshead","year":"1975"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2016.06.004","article-title":"Cognitive behavioral therapy for compulsive buying behavior: predictors of treatment outcome","volume":"39","author":"Granero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatr."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.03.003","article-title":"Compulsive buying disorder clustering based on sex, age, onset and personality traits","volume":"68","author":"Granero","year":"2016","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatr."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.00914","article-title":"Compulsive buying behavior: clinical comparison with other behavioral addictions","volume":"7","author":"Granero","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.00625","article-title":"Compulsive buying behavior: characteristics of comorbidity with gambling disorder","volume":"7","author":"Granero","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12232","article-title":"Gambling in Spain: update on experience, research and policy","author":"Jim\u00e9nez-Murcia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Addiction"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00497\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,26]],"date-time":"2019-10-26T19:55:55Z","timestamp":1572119755000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00497\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00497"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00497","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-0640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-0640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]]},"article-number":"497"}}