{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T20:38:42Z","timestamp":1780605522625,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Medication non-adherence is prevalent in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIAs) are widely used to improve compliance with treatment. This study aimed to illustrate the effectiveness, compliance, and safety profile of once-monthly paliperidone palmitate (PP1M), a novel therapeutic LAIA, in the management of bipolar I disorder (BDI).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method:<\/jats:bold> A prospective follow-up was arranged to 11 BDI patients who were prescribed PP1M as monotherapy or adjunctive treatment. Severity of symptoms, disturbing behavior, status of employment, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17), and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) were evaluated at the baseline and the endpoint of follow-up. Clinical Global Impression\u2014Bipolar Disorder\u2014Severity of Illness Scale (CGI-BP) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) were measured at each injection of PP1M. Compliance, relapse or switch, and new hospitalization were monitored through the period of follow-up.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The median duration of treatment was 14 months, ranging from 5 to 22 months. The scores (mean \u00b1 standard deviation) of HAMD-17, YMRS, and CGI-BP generally decreased from the baseline (16.1 \u00b1 10.3, 30.9 \u00b1 12.6, 5.3 \u00b1 0.7) to the endpoint (7.4 \u00b1 5.7, 3.7 \u00b1 3.2, 2.3 \u00b1 0.7). No disturbing behavior was detected at the endpoint. Neither new hospitalization nor manic\/mixed episode occurred during treatment, whereas mild to moderate depressive episodes were reported in three cases. The status of employment of 10 participants (90.9%) was improved, and no new safety concern was detected.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> PP1M might offer a new valid treatment option in the long-term management of BDI, especially for those with poor compliance with oral medication. However, more studies are needed to further justify such role.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.529672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T04:54:17Z","timestamp":1610081657000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Case Report: Paliperidone Palmitate in the Management of Bipolar I Disorder With 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